Conditions

Retinoblastoma is a rare type of eye cancer that can affect young children. It affects the retina, which is at the back of the eye.

Rett syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects brain development, resulting in severe mental and physical disability.

Reye's syndrome is a very rare condition that can affect children or young adults after they've had an illness like flu or chickenpox. It can cause serious brain problems if it's not treated quickly.

Rhesus disease is a condition where antibodies in a pregnant woman's blood destroy her baby's blood cells. It's also known as haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN).

Rheumatic fever is a very rare complication that can develop after a bacterial throat infection. It mainly affects children, and can cause painful joints and heart problems. Most people make a full recovery, but it can come back.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term condition that causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints. The condition usually affects the hands, feet and wrists.

Rickets is where a child's bones become weak and soft. It's usually caused by not getting enough vitamin D or calcium. In adults it's called osteomalacia. Treatment and lifestyle changes can help.

Ringworm is a common fungal infection. It's not caused by worms. You can usually buy medicine from a pharmacy to treat it.

Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that mainly affects the face. It's more common in women and people with lighter skin, but symptoms can be worse in men. Treatment can help with symptoms.

Roseola is a very common infection that mainly affects babies and toddlers. It usually causes a high temperature and a rash. You can normally look after your child at home and they should recover within a week.