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Stomach and duodenal ulcers

An ulcer is not simply an "irritated stomach" but a genuine defect in its wall: in one spot the lining has been destroyed down to the deeper layers.

Stomach cancer

What sets this disease apart is not that it is rare or unusually fearsome, but that for a long time it dresses up as something ordinary.

Stretch marks

Stretch marks are linear marks that appear when the skin stretches faster than the dermis can adapt and the collagen and elastin fibres tear.

Stroke

A stroke is a sudden catastrophe in the blood vessels of the brain: an area of brain tissue is cut off from its blood supply and starts to die.

Stye (hordeolum)

A stye is a small, painful spot at the edge of the eyelid. It starts with the feeling that something has got into the eye; within a day or two a red swelling…

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (ruptured aneurysm)

A subarachnoid haemorrhage is bleeding into the narrow space between the brain and its coverings, where normally there is nothing but cerebrospinal fluid.

Subdural haematoma

A subdural haematoma is a collection of blood between the brain and the dura, the tough membrane that covers it.

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Sudden infant death syndrome is the sudden death of an apparently healthy baby under one year old that remains unexplained after everything has been checked.

Sunburn

Sunburn is damage to the skin caused by ultraviolet radiation. The redness and pain do not arrive at once: they typically start 2 to 6 hours after exposure…

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

Supraventricular tachycardia, or SVT, means episodes of a very fast heartbeat that start and stop abruptly, as though someone had flicked a switch.

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