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Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)

Giant cell arteritis is inflammation of the wall of large and medium-sized arteries, most often the ones that run under the skin of the temples.

Giardiasis

Giardia is a single-celled parasite that settles in the small bowel and stops it absorbing fats and sugars properly.

Gilbert's syndrome

This is the commonest inherited quirk of metabolism and probably the most harmless: roughly one person in twenty has it, it is picked up more often in men…

Glandular fever

Glandular fever, known in medical notes as infectious mononucleosis, is put together in a misleading way.

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is the slow loss of the optic nerve, the cable that carries the picture from the eye to the brain.

Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is damage to the kidney's filters, the microscopic tufts of vessels through which blood is cleaned.

Glue ear (otitis media with effusion)

Behind the eardrum sits a small cavity that should contain nothing but air. Sometimes it fills with a thick clear fluid: the eardrum can no longer vibrate…

Goitre (enlarged thyroid gland)

A goitre is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, the small butterfly-shaped organ at the front of the neck.

Gonorrhoea

Gonorrhoea is a bacterial infection of the mucous membranes that is passed on during sex. It settles in the urethra and the neck of the womb, in the rectum…

Gout

Gout begins abruptly and nearly always at night: you wake to pain in the joint at the base of the big toe, which within a few hours has turned hot, purple and…

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