DEXAMETHASONE ABDRUG 4 mg TABLETS

Introduction

Package Leaflet: Information for the Patient

Dexamethasone ABDrug 4 mg tablets

Dexamethasone ABDrug 8 mg tablets

dexamethasone

Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start taking this medicine because it contains important information for you.

• Keep this leaflet, you may need to read it again
• If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist
• This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their signs of illness are the same as yours
• If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4

Contents of the pack and other information

1. What is Dexamethasone ABDrug and what is it used for
2. What you need to know before you take Dexamethasone ABDrug
3. How to take Dexamethasone ABDrug
4. Possible side effects
5. Storing Dexamethasone ABDrug
6. Contents of the pack and other information

1. What is Dexamethasone ABDrug and what is it used for

Dexamethasone ABDrug is a synthetic glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids are hormones produced by the adrenal gland cortex. This medicine has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-allergic, and immunosuppressive effects.

Dexamethasone ABDrug is recommended for the treatment of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, polyarteritis nodosa), respiratory tract disorders (e.g., bronchial asthma, croup), skin (e.g., erythroderma, pemphigus vulgaris), tuberculous meningitis only in combination with anti-infective treatment, blood disorders (e.g., idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults), cerebral edema, symptomatic treatment of multiple myeloma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in combination with other medicines, palliative treatment of neoplastic diseases, prophylaxis and treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, and prevention and treatment of post-operative vomiting, as part of antiemetic treatment.

2. What you need to know before you take Dexamethasone ABDrug

Do not takeDexamethasoneABDrug

• if you are allergic to dexamethasone or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6)
• if you have a systemic infection (unless you are receiving treatment)
• if you have a stomach or duodenal ulcer
• if you are going to be vaccinated with live vaccines

Warnings and precautions

Consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting to take Dexamethasone ABDrug:

• if you have ever had severe depression or manic depression (bipolar disorder). This includes having had depression before or while taking steroid medicines like dexamethasone
• if someone in your close family has had this disease

Mental problems can occur while taking steroids like Dexamethasone ABDrug.

• These illnesses can be serious
• They usually start within a few days or weeks of starting treatment
• They are more likely to occur with high doses
• Most of these problems go away if the dose is lowered or treatment is stopped. However, if problems occur, you may need treatment

Talk to your doctor if you (or someone taking this medicine) show any signs of mental problems. This is especially important if you are depressed or might be thinking about suicide. In a few cases, mental problems have occurred when doses were lowered or stopped.

Talk to your doctor before taking this medicine:

• if you have kidney or liver problems (liver cirrhosis or severe kidney failure)
• if you have or suspect you have pheochromocytoma (a tumor of the adrenal glands)
• if you have high blood pressure, heart problems, or have recently had a heart attack (myocardial rupture has been reported)
• if you have diabetes or a family history of diabetes
• if you have osteoporosis (weakening of the bones), particularly if you are a post-menopausal woman
• if you have had muscle weakness with this or other steroids in the past
• if you have glaucoma (high eye pressure) or a family history of glaucoma, cataracts (clouding of the eye lens that causes vision loss)
• if you have myasthenia gravis (a disease that causes muscle weakness)
• if you have an intestinal problem or stomach ulcer (peptic)
• if you have psychiatric problems or have had psychiatric disorders that have worsened with this type of medicine
• if you have epilepsy (a disease where you have repeated seizures or fits)
• if you have migraines
• if you have an underactive thyroid gland
• if you have a parasitic infection
• if you have tuberculosis, septicemia, or fungal eye infection
• if you have cerebral malaria
• if you have herpes (mouth ulcers or genital herpes and ocular herpes simplex due to possible corneal perforation)
• if you have asthma
• if you are being treated for blood vessel obstruction by blood clots (thromboembolism)
• if you have corneal ulcers and corneal damage

Treatment with corticosteroids can reduce your body's ability to cope with infections. This can sometimes lead to infections caused by germs that rarely cause infection under normal circumstances (called opportunistic infections). If you have any infection while taking this medicine, contact your doctor immediately. This is especially important if you notice signs of pneumonia: cough, fever, difficulty breathing, and chest pain. You may also feel confused, especially if you are an elderly patient. You should also inform your doctor if you have had tuberculosis or if you have been in areas where intestinal worm infections are common.

It is important that while taking this medicine you avoid contact with anyone who has chickenpox, shingles, or measles. If you think you may have been exposed to any of these diseases, you should contact your doctor immediately. You should also inform your doctor if you have had any infectious diseases such as measles or chickenpox and about any vaccination.

Contact your doctor if you experience symptoms of tumor lysis syndrome such as muscle cramps, muscle weakness, confusion, vision loss or changes, and difficulty breathing, in case you suffer from a malignant blood disorder.

Contact your doctor if you experience blurred vision or other visual disturbances.

Treatment with this medicine can cause a pheochromocytoma crisis, which can be fatal. Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal glands. Crises can have the following symptoms: headaches, sweating, palpitations, and high blood pressure. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of these signs.

Treatment with this medicine can cause central serous chorioretinopathy, an eye disorder that causes blurred or distorted vision. This usually occurs in one of the two eyes.

Treatment with this medicine can cause tendon inflammation. In extremely rare cases, the tendon can rupture. This risk is increased with certain antibiotics and kidney problems. Contact your doctor if you feel pain, swollen joints or tendons, or stiffness.

Treatment with Dexamethasone ABDrug can cause a disease called adrenal insufficiency. This can cause a change in the effectiveness of the medicine after stress and trauma, surgery, childbirth, or illness, and your body may not be able to respond normally to severe stress, such as accidents, surgery, childbirth, or illness.

If you have had an accident, are ill, have any other specific physical stress situation, or require any surgery (even at the dentist) or are going to be vaccinated (particularly with live viral vaccines) while taking or have finished taking Dexamethasone ABDrug, you should inform the person treating you that you are taking or have taken steroids.

If you need to have suppression tests (tests for hormone levels in the body), skin allergy tests, or tests for bacterial infections, you should inform the person doing the test that you are taking dexamethasone, as it may interfere with the results.

Your doctor may reduce the amount of salt in your diet and give you a potassium supplement while you are taking this medicine.

If you are an elderly patient, some of the side effects of this medicine may be more serious, especially thinning of the bones (osteoporosis), high blood pressure, low potassium levels, diabetes, and increased susceptibility to infections and skin thinning. Your doctor will monitor you more closely.

Children and adolescents

If a child is taking this medicine, it is important that their doctor monitors their growth and development at frequent intervals. Dexamethasone ABDrug should not be used routinely in premature children with respiratory problems.

Other medicines and Dexamethasone ABDrug

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken, or might take any other medicines:

• Anticoagulant medicines that thin the blood (e.g., warfarin)
• Acetylsalicylic acid or similar (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines) e.g., indomethacin
• Medicines used to treat diabetes
• Medicines used to treat high blood pressure
• Medicines used to treat heart problems
• Diuretics (tablets that help remove water)
• Amphotericin B injection
• Phenytoin, carbamazepine, primidone (medicines for epilepsy)
• Rifabutin, rifampicin, isoniazid (antibiotics used to treat tuberculosis)
• Antacids – particularly those containing magnesium trisilicate
• Barbiturates (medicines used to help you sleep and relieve anxiety)

• Aminoglutethimide (anticancer treatment)
• Carbenoxolone (used in the treatment of stomach ulcers)
• Ephedrine (nasal decongestant)
• Acetazolamide (used for glaucoma and epilepsy)
• Hydrocortisone, cortisone, and other corticosteroids
• Ketoconazole, itraconazole (for fungal infections)
• Ritonavir (for HIV)
• Antibiotics including erythromycin, fluoroquinolones
• Medicines that help muscle movement in myasthenia gravis patients (e.g., neostigmine)
• Colestyramine (for high cholesterol levels)
• Estrogen hormones including birth control pills
• Tetracosactide used in adrenal function tests
• Sultopride used to calm emotions
• Ciclosporin used to prevent transplant rejection
• Thalidomide used e.g., for multiple myeloma
• Praziquantel administered for certain worm infections
• Live vaccine immunization
• Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and mefloquine (for malaria)
• Somatotropin
• Protirelin

Tell your doctor if you are taking or have recently taken other medicines, even those bought without a prescription. You may be at increased risk of serious side effects if you take dexamethasone with these medicines:

• Some medicines may increase the effects of Dexamethasone ABDrug and your doctor may want to monitor you closely if you are taking these medicines (including some medicines for HIV: ritonavir, cobicistat)
• Acetylsalicylic acid or similar (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines) e.g., indomethacin
• Medicines for diabetes treatment
• Medicines used to treat heart problems
• Diuretics (tablets that help remove water)
• Amphotericin B injections
• Acetazolamide (used for glaucoma and epilepsy)
• Tetracosactide used in adrenal function tests
• Carbenoxolone (used in the treatment of stomach ulcers)
• Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and mefloquine (for malaria)
• Medicines used to treat high blood pressure
• Thalidomide used e.g., for multiple myeloma
• Live vaccine immunization
• Medicines that help muscle movement in myasthenia gravis (e.g., neostigmine)
• Antibiotics including fluoroquinolones

You should read the leaflet of all medicines you take with Dexamethasone ABDrug regarding the information corresponding to these medicines before starting treatment with Dexamethasone ABDrug. When using thalidomide, lenalidomide, or pomalidomide, special attention should be paid to pregnancy tests and prevention needs.

Dexamethasone ABDrug with food, drinks, and alcohol

Dexamethasone should be taken with or after food to minimize gastrointestinal irritation. Drinks containing alcohol or caffeine should be avoided. It is recommended to take small, frequent meals, as well as the possibility of taking antacids if recommended by your doctor.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking this medicine.

Dexamethasone ABDrug should only be prescribed during pregnancy and particularly in the first trimester, if the benefits outweigh the risks for the mother and the child.

If you become pregnant during treatment with this medicine, do not stop taking Dexamethasone ABDrug, but inform your doctor immediately that you are pregnant.

Corticosteroids can pass into breast milk. The risk to newborns/babies cannot be excluded. The decision to continue/breastfeed or continue/stop treatment with dexamethasone should be made taking into account the benefit of breastfeeding to the child and the benefit of treatment with dexamethasone for the woman.

Driving and using machines

Do not drive, use tools or machines, or perform any hazardous tasks if you experience side effects such as confusion, hallucinations, dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness, fainting, or blurred vision.

Dexamethasone ABDrug contains lactose

This medicine contains lactose. If your doctor has told you that you have an intolerance to some sugars, consult them before taking this medicine.

Each 4 mg tablet contains 74 mg of lactose (37 mg of glucose and 37 mg of galactose).

Each 8 mg tablet contains 148 mg of lactose (74 mg of glucose and 74 mg of galactose).

This should be taken into account in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Sodium

This medicine contains less than 23 mg of sodium (1mmol) per tablet; it is essentially "sodium-free".

3. How to Take Dexametasona ABDrug

Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have any doubts.

Dexametasona ABDrug is available in tablet form, 4 mg, 8 mg, and 20 mg. The 20 mg tablet can be divided into two equal halves to provide additional doses of 10 mg to facilitate swallowing.

Dexametasona is usually taken at doses of 0.5 to 10 mg per day, depending on the disease being treated. In more severe diseases, doses above 10 mg per day may be required. The dose should be adjusted according to the individual patient's response and the severity of the disease. To minimize adverse effects, the lowest effective dose should be used.

Unless otherwise indicated, the following dosage recommendations apply:

The dosage recommendations mentioned below are only for guidance. The initial and daily doses should always be determined based on the individual patient's response and the severity of the disease.

• Cerebral edema:the initial dose and duration of treatment depend on the cause and severity, 6-16 mg (up to 24 mg) / day administered orally, divided into 3-4 individual doses.
• Acute asthma:Adults: 16 mg/day for two days. Children: 0.6 mg/kg body weight for one or two days.
• Croup:Children: 0.15 mg/kg-0.6 mg/kg in a single dose.
• Acute skin diseases:Depending on the nature and degree of the disease, daily doses of 8-40 mg, in some cases up to 100 mg, followed by a downward titration according to clinical needs.
• Active phase of systemic rheumatic diseases:systemic lupus erythematosus 6-16 mg/day.
• Active rheumatoid arthritis with severe progressive form:acting with rapidly destructive forms 12-16 mg/day, with extra-articular manifestations 6-12 mg/day.
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura:40 mg for 4 days in cycles.
• Tuberculous meningitis:Patients with grade II or III disease receive intravenous treatment for four weeks (0.4 mg per kilogram per day during week 1, 0.3 mg per kilogram per day during week 2, 0.2 mg per kilogram per day during week 3, and 0.1 mg per kilogram per day during week 4) and then oral treatment for four weeks, starting with a total dose of 4 mg per day and decreasing by 1 mg each week. Patients with grade I disease are treated for two weeks with intravenous treatment (0.3 mg per kilogram per day during week 1 and 0.2 mg per kilogram per day during week 2) and then four weeks of oral treatment (0.1 mg per kilogram per day for 3 weeks, then a total of 3 mg per day, decreasing by 1 mg each week).
• Palliative treatment of neoplastic diseases:the initial dose and duration of treatment depend on the cause and severity, 3-20 mg/day. Very high doses of up to 96 mg can also be used for palliative treatment. For optimal dosing and reduction of the number of tablets, combinations of the lower doses (4 and 8 mg) and the highest dose (20 mg) can be used.
• Prophylaxis and treatment of chemotherapy-induced emesis, emetogenic chemotherapy with antiemetic treatment:8-20 mg of dexametasona before chemotherapy, then 4-16 mg/day on days 2 and 3.
• Prevention and treatment of postoperative vomiting, within antiemetic treatment:single dose of 8 mg before surgery.
• Treatment of symptomatic multiple myeloma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in combination with other medications:the usual dosage is 40 mg or 20 mg once a day.

For doses that cannot be achieved using the following recommendations, other medications are available on the market.

The dose and frequency of administration vary according to the therapeutic protocol and associated treatment(s). The administration of dexametasona should follow the instructions for the administration of dexametasona when described in the technical data sheet of the associated treatments. If this is not the case, local or international treatment protocols and guidelines should be followed. Prescribing physicians should carefully evaluate which dose of dexametasona should be used, taking into account the patient's situation and disease status.

Long-term treatment

For the long-term treatment of various diseases, after initial therapy, treatment with glucocorticoids should be changed from dexametasona to prednisone/prednisolone to reduce adrenal cortex function suppression.

Use in children and adolescents

If a child is taking this medication, it is essential that the doctor monitor their growth and development at frequent intervals.

If you take more Dexametasona ABDrug than you should

If you take too much medication, contact your doctor or hospital immediately.

In case of overdose or accidental ingestion, consult your doctor or pharmacist or call the Toxicological Information Service, phone: 91 562 04 20, indicating the medication and the amount ingested.

If you forget to take Dexametasona ABDrug

If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for forgotten doses.

If you interrupt Dexametasona ABDrug treatment

If your treatment is going to be interrupted, you should follow your doctor's recommendations. He may recommend that you gradually reduce the amount of medication you are taking until you stop taking it completely. Various symptoms have been reported when treatment is interrupted too quickly, such as low blood pressure and, in some cases, relapse of the disease for which treatment was taken.

It can also occur a "withdrawal syndrome" that includes fever, muscle and joint pain, inflammation of the nasal lining (rhinitis), weight loss, itching of the skin, and eye inflammation (conjunctivitis). If you interrupt treatment too soon and any of the mentioned symptoms appear, you should consult your doctor as soon as possible.

If you have any other doubts about the use of this medication, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

4. Possible adverse effects

Like all medications, this medication can cause adverse effects, although not all people experience them.

Consult your doctor immediately if you experience severe mental problems. These can affect 5 out of 100 people who take medications like dexametasona. These problems include:

• feeling depressed, including suicidal thoughts,
• feeling very euphoric (mania) or mood swings,
• feeling anxious, having sleep problems, difficulty thinking, or being confused and losing memory,
• feeling, seeing, or hearing things that do not exist. Having strange or frightening thoughts, changing your way of acting, or feeling alone.

Consult your doctor immediately if you experience:

• severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, deep muscle weakness, and fatigue, extremely low blood pressure, weight loss, and fever, as these can be signs of adrenocortical insufficiency,
• sudden abdominal pain, sensitivity, nausea, vomiting, fever, and blood in stool, which can be signs of intestinal perforation, especially if you have or have had intestinal disease.

This medication can worsen existing heart problems. If you experience shortness of breath or swelling of the ankles, consult your doctor immediately.

Other adverse effects may be (frequency not known):

• Increased risk of infections, including viral and fungal infections, e.g., thrush; recurrence of tuberculosis or other infections, e.g., eye infections if you have already suffered from them
• Reduction in the number of white blood cells or increase in the number of white blood cells, abnormal coagulation,
• Allergic reaction to the medication, including potentially fatal allergic reactions (which can appear as a rash and swelling of the throat and tongue and, in severe cases, difficulty breathing or dizziness)
• Problems with hormonal regulation, swelling, and weight gain, moon face (Cushing's syndrome), change in the effectiveness of the endocrine system after stress and trauma, surgery, childbirth, or disease, your body may not be able to respond normally to severe stress such as accidents, surgery, childbirth, or diseases, delayed growth in children and adolescents, irregular or absent menstrual cycles, excessive body hair growth (particularly in women)
• Weight gain, protein loss, and calcium imbalance, increased appetite, electrolyte imbalance, fluid retention, potassium loss that can cause rhythm disorders, increased requirements for diabetes medication, unknown diabetes that becomes apparent, high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood (hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia)
• Extreme mood changes, schizophrenia (mental disorder) that can worsen, depression, insomnia
• Unusual severe headache with vision changes due to treatment withdrawal, seizures, and worsening of epilepsy, dizziness
• Increased eye pressure, papilledema, reduction of eye membranes, increased viral, bacterial, and fungal eye infections, worsening of corneal ulcer symptoms, worsening of existing eye infections, protrusion of the eyeballs, cataracts, blurred vision, visual disturbances, loss of vision,
• Congestive heart failure in susceptible individuals, cardiac muscle rupture after a recent heart attack, cardiac decompensation
• High blood pressure, blood clots: formation of blood clots that can block blood vessels, for example, in the legs or lungs (thromboembolic complications)
• Hiccups
• Nausea, vomiting, stomach discomfort, and abdominal swelling, esophageal inflammation and ulcers, peptic ulcers that can rupture and bleed, pancreatitis (which can appear as back and abdominal pain), flatulence, esophageal candidiasis
• Thinning of delicate skin, unusual marks on the skin, bruising, and skin inflammation, stretch marks, visible inflammation, capillaries, acne, increased sweating, skin rash, swelling, hair loss, unusual fat deposits, excessive hair growth, fluid retention in the body, weakness in the capillaries that facilitates breaking observed as bleeding under the skin (increased capillary fragility), skin irritation around the mouth (perioral dermatitis)
• Weakening of bones with an increased risk of fractures (osteoporosis), bone necrosis, tendinitis, tendon rupture, muscle loss, myopathy, muscle weakness, premature interruption of bone growth (premature epiphyseal closure)
• Changes in sperm count and movement, impotence
• Reduced response to vaccines and skin tests, slow wound healing, discomfort
• A "withdrawal syndrome" can also occur, which includes fever, muscle and joint pain, inflammation of the nasal lining (rhinitis), weight loss, painful skin nodules with itching, and eye inflammation (conjunctivitis)

Reporting of adverse effects

If you experience any type of adverse effect, consult your doctor or pharmacist, even if it is a possible adverse effect that does not appear in this prospectus. You can also report them directly through the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System for Human Use Medicines: https://www.notificaram.es. By reporting adverse effects, you can contribute to providing more information on the safety of this medication.

5. Conservation of Dexametasona ABDrug

Keep this medication out of sight and reach of children.

Do not use this medication after the expiration date that appears on the packaging after CAD. The expiration date is the last day of the month indicated.

This medication does not require any special storage temperature.

Keep in the original packaging to protect it from light.

Medications should not be thrown away through the sewers or in the trash. Deposit the packaging and medications that you no longer need in the SIGRE Point of the pharmacy. In case of doubt, ask your pharmacist how to dispose of the packaging and medications that you no longer need. This way, you will help protect the environment.

6. Package contents and additional information

Composition of Dexametasona ABDrug

The active ingredient is dexametasona.

Each 4 mg tablet contains 4 mg of dexametasona.

Each 8 mg tablet contains 8 mg of dexametasona.

The other components are lactose, pregelatinized cornstarch, anhydrous colloidal silica (E551), and magnesium stearate (E470b) and sodium stearyl fumarate. See section 2 "Dexametasona ABDrug contains lactose".

Appearance of the product and package contents

4 mg: White or almost white, round, flat tablets with the number "4" engraved on one face.

8 mg: White or almost white, oval-shaped, flat tablets with the number "8" engraved on one face.

PVC/PVDC90-Aluminum blisters in cardboard boxes.

Dexametasona ABDrug 4 mg is available in packages containing 20, 30, 50, 100 tablets.

Dexametasona ABDrug 8 mg is available in packages containing 20, 30, 50, 100 tablets.

Only some package sizes may be marketed.

Marketing authorization holder

Mabo-Farma S.A.

Calle Rejas 2, planta 1

28821 Coslada Madrid

Spain

Manufacturer

Adamed Pharma S.A.

ul. Marszalka Józefa Pilsudskiego 5

95-200 Pabianice

Poland

This medication is authorized in the member states of the European Economic Area with the following names:

Date of the last revision of this prospectus: February 2021

Detailed and updated information on this medication is available on the website of the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products (AEMPS) http://www.aemps.gob.es/