ABACAVIR/LAMIVUDINE MACLEODS 600 mg/300 mg FILM-COATED TABLETS
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Introduction
Package Leaflet:Information for the user
Abacavir/Lamivudine Macleods 600 mg/300 mg film-coated tablets EFG
abacavir/lamivudine
Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start taking this medicine because it contains important information for you.
- Keep this leaflet, you may need to read it again.
- If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
- This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their signs of illness are the same as yours.
- If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.
IMPORTANT — Hypersensitivity Reactions
This medicine contains abacavir. Some people who take abacavir may develop a hypersensitivity reaction(a severe allergic reaction), which can be life-threatening if they continue to take medicines that contain abacavir. You must read the information on “Hypersensitivity reactions” in section 4 of this leaflet carefully.
The packaging of this medicine includes a Warning Cardto remind you and your healthcare provider of the hypersensitivity to abacavir. You must pull out this card and always carry it with you.
Contents of the pack
- What Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods is and what it is used for
- What you need to know before you take Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods
- How to take Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods
- Possible side effects
5 Storage of Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods
- Contents of the pack and other information
1. What Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods is and what it is used for
This medicine is used in the treatment of the infection caused by the HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in adults, adolescents, and children weighing at least 25 kg.
This medicine contains two active substances that are used to treat the infection caused by HIV: abacavir and lamivudine. Both belong to a group of antiretroviral medicines called nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs).
This medicine does not completely cure HIV infection; it reduces the amount of virus in the body and keeps it at a low level. It also increases the number of CD4 cells in the blood. CD4 cells are a type of white blood cell that plays an important role in helping your body fight infection.
Not everyone responds to treatment with this medicine in the same way. Your doctor will monitor the effectiveness of your treatment.
2. What you need to know before you take Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods
Do not takethis medicine:
- if you are allergic(hypersensitive)to abacavir (or to any other medicine that contains abacavir — e.g., Trizivir, Triumeqor Ziagen), lamivudine, or to any of the other components of this medicine (listed in section 6).
Read carefully all the information about hypersensitivity reactions in section 4 of this leaflet.
Consult your doctor if you think any of these circumstances apply to you. Do not take this medicine.
Be especially careful with this medicine
Warnings and precautions
Consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting to take Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods.
Some people who take this medicine or other combination treatments for HIV have a higher risk of suffering from serious side effects. You need to know that there is a higher risk:
- if you have moderate or severe liver disease
- if you have ever had liver disease, including hepatitis B or C (if you have hepatitis B, do not stop taking this medicine without your doctor's advice, as it may get worse)
- if you are significantly overweight (especially if you are a woman)
- if you have kidney problems.
Consult your doctor before starting to take this medicine if you have any of these circumstances.You may need to have additional tests, including blood tests, while taking this medicine.For more information, see section 4.
Hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir
Even patients who do not have the HLA-B*5701 gene may develop a hypersensitivity reaction (a severe allergic reaction).
Read carefully the information about hypersensitivity reactions in section 4 of this leaflet.
It cannot be excluded that abacavir increases the risk of cardiovascular events.
Tell your doctorif you have cardiovascular problems, smoke, or suffer from diseases that may increase your risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes. Do not stop taking this medicine unless your doctor advises you to.
Be aware of important symptoms
Some people who take medicines for HIV infection develop other disorders, which can be serious. You need to know what signs and symptoms to look out for while taking this medicine.
Read the information on “Other possible side effects of combination therapy for HIV” in section 4 of this leaflet.
Other medicines and Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken, or might take any other medicines.
Remember to inform your doctor or pharmacist if you start taking a new medicine while taking this medicine.
The following medicines must not be used with Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods:
- emtricitabine, to treat HIV infection
- other medicines that contain lamivudine, used to treat HIV infection or hepatitis B
- high doses of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), an antibiotic
- cladribine, used to treat hairy cell leukemia.
Tell your doctor if you are being treated with any of these medicines.
Some medicines interact with this medicine, these include:
- phenytoin, to treat epilepsy. Tell your doctor if you are taking phenytoin. Your doctor may need to monitor you while you are taking this medicine.
- methadone, used as a substitute for heroin. Abacavir increases the rate at which methadone is eliminated from the body. If you are taking methadone, you may need to be monitored for signs of withdrawal. You may need to have your methadone dose changed. Tell your doctor if you are taking methadone.
- medicines (usually liquids) that contain sorbitol and other polyalcohols (such as xylitol, mannitol, lactitol, or maltitol), if taken regularly. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are being treated with any of these.
- Riociguat, to treat high blood pressure in the blood vessels (arteries) that carry blood from the heart to the lungs. Your doctor may need to reduce your dose of riociguat, as abacavir may increase the levels of riociguat in your blood.
Pregnancy
This medicine is not recommended during pregnancy.This medicine and similar medicines may cause side effects in babies during pregnancy.
If you have been taking this medicine during your pregnancy, your doctor may ask for regular blood tests and other diagnostic tests to monitor the development of your child. In children whose mothers took NRTIs during pregnancy, the benefit of protection against HIV was greater than the risk of side effects.
Breast-feeding
It is not recommendedthat women living with HIV breast-feed because the HIV infection can pass to the baby through breast milk. A small amount of the components of this medicine may also pass into breast milk.
If you are breast-feeding or think you may want to breast-feed, you must consult your doctor as soon as possible.
Driving and using machines
This medicine may cause side effects that can affect your ability to drive or use machines.
Consult your doctorabout your ability to drive or use machines while taking this medicine.
Important information about some of the ingredients ofthis medicine
This medicine contains less than 1 mmol of sodium (23 mg) per tablet; this is, essentially “sodium-free”.
3. How to take Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods
Follow exactly the instructions of administration of this medicine given by your doctor. If you are unsure, consult your doctor or pharmacist again.
The recommended dose of this medicine for adults, adolescents, and children weighing at least 25 kg or more is one tablet once a day.
Swallow the tablets whole, with a little water. This medicine can be taken with or without food.
Keep in regular contact with your doctor.This medicine helps to control your condition. You will need to take it every day to prevent your disease from getting worse. You may continue to develop other infections and illnesses associated with HIV infection. Stay in touch with your doctor and do not stop taking this medicinewithout talking to your doctor first.
If you take more Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleodsthan you should
If you accidentally take more Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods than you should, tell your doctor or pharmacist, or contact the emergency department of your nearest hospital for more information.
In case of overdose or accidental ingestion, consult your doctor or pharmacist immediately or call the Toxicology Information Service, telephone: 91 562 04 20, indicating the medicine and the amount ingested.
If you forget to take this medicine
If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember and then continue with your usual treatment.
Do not take a double dose to make up for forgotten doses.
It is important to take this medicine regularly, as irregular intake can increase the risk of a hypersensitivity reaction.
If you stop taking Abacavir/Lamivudina Macleods
If for any reason you have stopped taking this medicine, especially because you think you have side effects or because of another illness:
- Consult your doctor before restarting treatment.Your doctor will check if your symptoms were related to a hypersensitivity reaction. If your doctor thinks that there may have been a connection, they will advise you never to take this medicine or any other medicine that containsabacavir (e.g.,Trizivir, Triumeq, or Ziagen). It is important that you follow this advice.
- If your doctor advises you to restart treatment with this medicine, they may ask you to take the first doses in a place where you have easy access to medical assistance, if needed.
4. Possible Adverse Effects
During HIV treatment, there may be an increase in weight and blood glucose and lipid levels. This may be partly related to the recovery of health and lifestyle, and in the case of blood lipids, sometimes to HIV medications themselves. Your doctor will monitor these changes.
Like all medications, this medication may produce adverse effects, although not all people will experience them.
When you are undergoing HIV treatment, it can be difficult to distinguish whether a symptom is an adverse effect of this medication or other medications you are taking, or if it is due to an effect of the HIV disease itself. Therefore, it is very important that you inform your doctor about any change in your health.
Even patients who do not have the HLA-B*5701 gene can develop ahypersensitivity reaction(a severe allergic reaction), described in this prospectus in the section called “Hypersensitivity Reactions”.
It is very important that you read and understand the information about this severe reaction.
In addition to the adverse effects listed below for this medication, , other disorders can develop during combined HIV treatment.
It is essential that you read the information under the heading “Other Possible Adverse Effects of Combined HIV Treatment”.
Hypersensitivity Reactions This medicationcontains abacavir(the active ingredient also present in Trizivir, Triumeq, and Ziagen). Abacavir can cause a severe allergic reaction known as a hypersensitivity reaction. These hypersensitivity reactions have been observed more frequently in people taking medications containing abacavir. Who suffers from these reactions? Anyone taking Abacavir/Lamivudine could develop a hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir, which could put their life at risk if they continue taking this medication. You are more likely to develop this reaction if you have a gene called HLA-B*5701(but you can suffer from this reaction even if you do not have this gene). Before starting treatment with Abacavir/Lamivudine, you should have been tested for this gene. If you know you have this gene, tell your doctor before taking Abacavir/Lamivudine. About 3 to 4 out of every 100 patients treated with abacavir in a clinical trial who did not have the HLA-B*5701 gene developed a hypersensitivity reaction. What are the symptoms? The most common symptoms are:
Other frequently observed signs are:
Other symptoms may include: Joint or muscle pain, swelling of the neck, difficulty breathing, sore throat, cough, occasional headache, eye inflammation (conjunctivitis), mouth ulcers, low blood pressure, and numbness or tingling of the hands or feet. When do these reactions occur? Hypersensitivity reactions can appear at any time during treatment with Abacavir/Lamivudine, but they are more likely to occur in the first 6 weeks of treatment. Contact your doctor immediately:
Your doctor may advise you to stop taking this medication. If you have stopped taking this medication due to a hypersensitivity reaction, never takethis medicationor any othermedicationthat contains abacavir (e.g., Trizivir, Triumeq, or Ziagen)again. If you do, you may experience a drop in blood pressure that can be life-threatening or cause death within hours. If, for any reason, you have interrupted treatment with this medication — especially because you think you have adverse effects or due to another illness: Consult your doctor before restarting treatment. Your doctor will check if your symptoms were related to a hypersensitivity reaction. If your doctor considers that there may have been a relationship, they will indicate that you should never takethis medicationor any other medication that contains abacavir. It is essential that you follow this warning. Occasionally, hypersensitivity reactions have developed in people who restart abacavir after having had only one symptom of those included in the Information Card before stopping it. Very rarely, reactions have developed in people who restart treatment with abacavir but did not have any symptoms of hypersensitivity before stopping it. If your doctor advises you to restart treatment with this medication, they may ask you to take the first doses in a place where you have easy access to medical assistance if necessary. If you are hypersensitive tothis medication, you must return all unusedmedicationto be safely eliminated. Consult your doctor or pharmacist. The packaging of this medication includes an Information Card to remind you and healthcare personnel about hypersensitivity reactions. Separate the card from the packaging and always carry it with you. |
Frequent Adverse Effects:
May affect up to 1 in 10people:
- hypersensitivity reaction
- headache
- vomiting
- discomfort (nausea)
- diarrhea
- stomach pain
- loss of appetite
- fatigue, lack of energy
- fever (high temperature)
- general discomfort
- difficulty sleeping (insomnia)
- muscle pain and discomfort
- joint pain
- cough
- irritated or runny nose
- skin rash
- hair loss.
Uncommon Adverse Effects:
May affect up to 1 in 100people and may be reflected in blood tests
- low red blood cell count (anemia) or low white blood cell count (neutropenia)
- increased levels of liver enzymes
- a decrease in the number of cells involved in blood clotting (thrombocytopenia).
Rare Adverse Effects
May affect up to 1 in 1,000people:
- liver disorders, such as jaundice, liver enlargement, or fatty liver, inflammation (hepatitis)
- pancreatitis (pancreatitis)
- muscle tissue rupture.
Rare adverse effects that may appear in blood tests are:
- increased levels of an enzyme called amylase.
Very Rare Adverse Effects
May affect up to 1 in 10,000 people:
- numbness, tingling sensation in the skin (pinpricks)
- weakness in the limbs
- skin rash that can form blisters resembling small targets (dark central spot surrounded by a paler area, with a dark ring around the edge) (erythema multiforme)
- widespread rash with blisters and skin peeling, especially around the mouth, nose, eyes, and genitals (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), and a more severe form that causes skin peeling over more than 30% of the body surface (toxic epidermal necrolysis)
- lactic acidosis (excess lactic acid in the blood).
If you notice any of these symptoms, contact a doctor urgently.
A very rare adverse effect that may appear in blood tests is:
- failure of the bone marrow to produce new red blood cells (pure red cell aplasia).
If you experience adverse effects
Inform your doctor or pharmacist if you consider that any of the adverse effects you are experiencing are severe or if you notice any adverse effect not mentioned in this prospectus.
Other Possible Adverse Effects of Combined HIV Treatment
Combined treatments, such as this medication, can cause other disorders to develop during HIV treatment.
Symptoms of Infection and Inflammation
Exacerbation of Old Infections
People with advanced HIV infection (AIDS) have a weakened immune system and are more likely to develop severe infections (opportunistic infections). Such infections may have been "latent" and not detected by the weakened immune system before starting treatment. After starting treatment, the immune system becomes stronger, so it begins to fight these infections, which can cause symptoms of infection or inflammation. The symptoms usually include fever, along with some of the following:
- headache
- stomach pain
- difficulty breathing.
In rare cases, as the immune system becomes stronger, it can also attack healthy tissues (autoimmune disorders). The symptoms of autoimmune disorders can appear many months after starting to take medications for HIV treatment. The symptoms can include:
- palpitations (rapid or irregular heartbeats) or tremors
- hyperactivity (excessive restlessness and movement)
- weakness that starts in the hands and feet and moves up to the torso.
If you observe any symptoms of infection and inflammation or if you notice any of the above symptoms: Inform your doctor immediately. Do not take any other medication for the infection without your doctor's advice.
You may have bone problems
Some patients receiving combined HIV treatment develop a bone disease called osteonecrosis. With this disease, part of the bone tissue dies due to a reduction in blood supply to the bone. People are more likely to suffer from this disease:
- if they have been taking combined treatment for a long time
- if they also take anti-inflammatory medications called corticosteroids
- if they drink alcohol
- if their immune system is severely weakened
- if they are overweight.
The signs of osteonecrosis include:
- stiffness in the joints
- pain and discomfort (especially in the hip, knee, or shoulder)
- difficulty moving.
If you notice any of these symptoms:
Inform your doctor
Reporting Adverse Effects
If you experience any type of adverse effect, consult your doctor or pharmacist, even if it is a possible adverse effect that does not appear in this prospectus. You can also report them directly through the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System for Human Use Medications: https://www.notificaram.es. By reporting adverse effects, you can contribute to providing more information on the safety of this medication.
5. Conservation of Abacavir/Lamivudine Macleods
Keep this medication out of sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medication after the expiration date shown on the box. The expiration date is the last day of the month indicated.
Use this medication within 30 days after opening the bottle.
Do not store above 30°C.
Medications should not be disposed of through wastewater or household waste. Deposit the packaging and unused medications at the SIGRE collection point in the pharmacy. In case of doubt, ask your pharmacist how to dispose of the packaging and unused medications. This way, you will help protect the environment.
6. Package Contents and Additional Information
Abacavir/Lamivudine Macleods Composition
- The active ingredients are Abacavir and Lamivudina. Each film-coated tablet contains 600 mg of abacavir (as sulfate) and 300 mg of lamivudine.
- Other components are:
Microcrystalline cellulose
Sodium starch glycolate Type A (Potato starch)
Povidone
Isopropyl alcohol
Colloidal silicon dioxide
Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose
Magnesium stearate
- The tablets are coated with
Hypromellose 3cPs (E464)
Polyethylene glycol 400 (E1521)
Polysorbate 80 (E433)
Titanium dioxide (E171)
Product Appearance and Package Contents
White to off-white, capsule-shaped, biconvex film-coated tablets, engraved with “300” on one side and “600” on the other.
Blister Pack:The blister pack consists of an aluminum foil and cold-forming laminate
Package size: 30 tablets. Single-dose blister pack of 30 tablets.
Container:The container consists of a round, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle with a child-resistant closure.
Package size: 30 tablets
Marketing Authorization Holder and Manufacturer
Marketing Authorization Holder
Macleods Pharma España S.L.U.
World Trade Center Barcelona
Moll de Barcelona, s/n,
08039 Barcelona, Spain
Manufacturer
Synoptis Industrial SP.Z.O.O.
ul. Rabowicka 15
62020 Swarzedz
Poland
Date of the last revision of this prospectus: November 2024
Detailed information about this medication is available on the website of the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products (AEMPS) (http://www.aemps.gob.es/)
- Country of registration
- Active substance
- Prescription requiredYes
- Manufacturer
- This information is for reference only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a licensed doctor before taking any medication. Oladoctor is not responsible for medical decisions based on this content.
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