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Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that affects the brain and spinal cord. It cannot currently be cured, but treatment can often help manage it.

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Discuss your symptoms and possible next steps with a doctor online.

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Doctor

Tomasz Grzelewski

Dermatology 21 years exp.

Dr Tomasz Grzelewski is an MD, PhD specialist in allergy, paediatrics, general practice and sports medicine, with a clinical focus on dermatology, endocrinology, allergology and sports-related health. He has more than 20 years of clinical experience and completed his medical training at the Medical University of Łódź, where he defended his PhD thesis with distinction. His doctoral research was recognised by the Polish Society of Allergology for its innovative contribution to the field. Throughout his career, he has gained extensive expertise in diagnosing and managing a wide range of allergic and paediatric conditions, including modern allergen desensitisation techniques. For five years, Dr Grzelewski served as the Head of two paediatric departments in Poland, managing complex clinical cases and leading multidisciplinary teams. He also worked in medical centres in the United Kingdom, gaining experience across both primary care and specialist environments. With over a decade of telemedicine experience, he has provided online consultations across Europe and is valued for his clear, structured and evidence-based medical guidance. Dr Grzelewski is actively involved in clinical programmes focused on modern anti-allergic therapies. As a Principal Investigator, he leads research projects on sublingual and oral allergen desensitisation, supporting evidence-based progress in allergy treatment for both children and adults. In addition to his background in allergology and paediatrics, he completed dermatology studies through the Cambridge Education Group (Royal College of Physicians of Ireland) and a Clinical Endocrinology course at Harvard Medical School. This advanced training enhances his ability to manage skin manifestations of allergies, atopic conditions, urticaria, endocrine-related symptoms and complex immunological reactions. Patients commonly seek his care for: 

  • seasonal and perennial allergies
  • allergic rhinitis and chronic nasal symptoms
  • asthma and breathing difficulties
  • food and medication allergies
  • urticaria, atopic dermatitis and skin reactions
  • recurrent infections in children
  • sports-related health questions
  • general family medicine concerns

Dr Tomasz Grzelewski is known for his clear communication style, structured medical approach and ability to explain treatment options in a concise and accessible way. His multidisciplinary background across allergy, paediatrics, dermatology and endocrinology allows him to provide safe, up-to-date and comprehensive care for patients of all ages.

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€86
This page provides general information and does not replace a doctor’s consultation. If symptoms are severe, persistent or worsening, seek medical advice promptly.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that affects the brain and spinal cord. It cannot currently be cured, but treatment can often help manage it.

Symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)

There are lots of possible symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Everyone with the condition is affected differently.

Some of the most common symptoms include:

  • feeling extremely tired (fatigue)
  • problems with your eyes or your vision, such as blurred vision or eye pain
  • numbness or a tingling feeling in different parts of the body
  • feeling off balance, dizzy or clumsy (uncoordinated)
  • muscle cramps, spasms and stiffness
  • needing to pee more often or not being able to control when you pee
  • problems with memory or concentration
  • sexual problems, including a dry vagina or erection problems

Symptoms may come (called "flare-ups" or "relapses") and go (called "remissions"), and may get worse over time.

See a GP if:

  • you think you have symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)

Important

These symptoms are very common and can be caused by many different conditions.

Having them does not definitely mean you have multiple sclerosis (MS). But it's important to get them checked by a GP.

Call 112 or go to A&E if you have sudden:

  • weakness or numbness in 1 arm
  • loss or blurring of vision
  • problems with balance and co-ordination

These could be signs of a stroke and need urgent medical attention.

Do not drive to A&E. Ask someone to drive you or call 112 and ask for an ambulance.

Bring any medicines you take with you.

Tests for multiple sclerosis (MS)

If your GP thinks you could have multiple sclerosis (MS) they'll refer you to a brain and nerve specialist (neurologist).

At your appointment the neurologist will ask about your symptoms.

There is no single test to diagnose MS.

Tests you may have include:

  • checks on your movement, coordination, vision, balance and reflexes
  • blood tests
  • an MRI scan to see if there is damage to the nerves in your brain or spinal cord
  • taking a small sample of spinal fluid from your lower back using a needle (lumbar puncture)
  • tests that use small sensors attached to your skin to measure how quickly messages from your eyes or ears travel to your brain

Types of multiple sclerosis (MS)

There are 3 main types of multiple sclerosis (MS). They affect everyone differently.

Your neurologist may need to monitor your symptoms and test results for some time to diagnose which type you have.

The 3 main types of MS

Type How symptoms might affect you

Relapsing remitting

You have flare-ups of symptoms where they get worse (relapse) and then go away or get better (remission).

Over time, this type often develops into secondary progressive MS.

Secondary progressive

Your symptoms are there all the time, and get slowly worse.

This type of MS can come after relapsing remitting MS.

Primary progressive

Your symptoms slowly get worse over time. You do not have periods when they go away or get better (remission).

This is less common than the other types of MS.

Treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS)

There is currently no cure for multiple sclerosis (MS). But there are treatments that can slow the progression of MS and help ease symptoms.

The type of treatment will depend on the type of MS you have and your symptoms. You'll probably need different treatments over time.

You'll be supported by different healthcare professionals. This may include a specialist MS nurse, a neurologist (brain and nerve specialist), physiotherapist and occupational therapist.

Consult with a doctor about Multiple sclerosis

Consult with a doctor about Multiple sclerosis

Discuss your symptoms and possible next steps with a doctor online.

Medicines for MS

Treatments you may have include:

  • steroid medicine to reduce swelling and help nerves work better
  • medicines called disease-modifying therapies to reduce how many relapses you have and how serious they are
  • muscle relaxant medicine to help relieve muscle spasms, cramps or stiffness
  • medicine to treat pain, vision problems and other symptoms

Treatment and support for symptoms of MS

You'll also be offered treatment and support for the symptoms of MS. Every person's needs will be different depending on their symptoms.

Support you might need may include:

  • advice about how to manage tiredness (fatigue)
  • physiotherapy and exercises to help with movement problems and muscle pain
  • mobility equipment (including walking sticks, frames and wheelchairs) and home adaptations (such as stair lifts or railings) to help you with day-to-day activities
  • cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to help with anxiety, depression and fatigue
  • activities to improve your memory, concentration, thinking and mood (cognitive rehabilitation)
  • advice, exercises and medicines to help with bowel or bladder problems
  • advice and treatments for sexual problems such as erectile dysfunction, vaginal dryness, low sex drive (loss of libido) or difficulty reaching orgasm

How multiple sclerosis (MS) affects your life

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is different for everyone. No one can predict how much your MS might affect you.

For some people, MS only has a small impact on daily life which means you can continue with your work and usual activities.

Others have more severe symptoms which can have a much bigger impact.

MS symptoms can affect mobility, and you may need to adapt your life by using mobility aids, reducing working hours or needing more help around the home.

MS treatments are improving, so if you're diagnosed with MS today you can expect a better quality of life than was possible before.

Most people with MS live into old age although life expectancy, on average, is a few years less than the general population.

Causes of multiple sclerosis (MS)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) happens when your immune system attacks your brain and nerves. It's not clear what causes this.

You might be more likely to get MS if:

  • you're aged 20 to 50
  • you're a woman – women are more likely than men to get MS
  • you have a brother, sister or parent who has MS
  • you smoke – people who smoke are about twice as likely to develop MS
  • you've had the Epstein-Barr virus (a common virus that causes illnesses such as glandular fever)

Online doctors for Multiple sclerosis

Discuss your symptoms and possible next steps for Multiple sclerosis with a doctor online.

5.0 (111)
Doctor

Sergey Ilyasov

Psychiatry 7 years exp.

Dr Sergey Ilyasov is an experienced neurologist and qualified psychiatrist who provides online consultations for adults and adolescents. Combining deep neurological expertise with a modern psychiatric approach, he ensures comprehensive diagnostics and effective treatment for a wide range of conditions affecting both physical and mental health.

Dr. Ilyasov helps patients in the following cases:

  • Chronic headaches (migraine, tension-type headache), back pain, neuropathic pain, dizziness, numbness in limbs, coordination disorders.
  • Anxiety disorders (panic attacks, generalized anxiety disorder), depression (including atypical and treatment-resistant forms), sleep disturbances (insomnia, hypersomnia, nightmares), stress, burnout.
  • Chronic pain syndromes and psychosomatic symptoms (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome related to stress, vegetative-vascular dystonia).
  • Behavioral disorders and concentration difficulties in adolescents (including ADHD, autism spectrum disorders), nervous tics.
  • Memory impairments, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), emotional swings, and support for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Thanks to his dual specialization in neurology and psychiatry, Dr Sergey Ilyasov offers integrated and evidence-based care for complex conditions requiring a multidisciplinary approach. His consultations focus on accurate diagnosis, development of an individualized treatment plan (including pharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic methods), and long-term support adapted to each patient's unique needs.

Book an online consultation with Dr. Sergey Ilyasov to receive qualified assistance and improve your well-being today.

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5.0 (2)
Doctor

Alexander Nazarchuk

Allergology 7 years exp.

Dr. Alexander Nazarchuk is a physician specialising in allergology and internal medicine. He provides online consultations for adults, following the principles of evidence-based medicine — no outdated treatments or unnecessary tests, with clear explanations and a personalised approach. He helps patients with a wide range of allergic and therapeutic conditions, from common day-to-day complaints to complex cases involving allergies, gastrointestinal issues, cardiovascular concerns, respiratory symptoms, and more.

You can consult Dr. Nazarchuk for:

  • Test interpretation and guidance on diagnostic plans.
  • Allergic rhinitis, hay fever, bronchial asthma (including severe cases).
  • Food and drug allergies, skin rashes, angioedema.
  • Atopic dermatitis, urticaria, contact allergies.
  • Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) – initiation and ongoing management.
  • Abdominal pain, bloating, changes in bowel habits, nausea, heartburn.
  • High blood pressure and adjustment of baseline antihypertensive therapy.
  • Hyperlipidaemia and elevated cholesterol.
  • Cough, nasal congestion, fever, sore throat.
  • Anaemia, including iron deficiency and related conditions.
  • Other issues related to allergology and internal medicine.

During consultations, Dr. Nazarchuk takes a thorough, structured approach — analysing symptoms, identifying potential causes, and helping patients make informed decisions. Whether treatment, further investigation, or monitoring is needed, he explains each step clearly so you understand your health and how best to manage it.

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€66
5.0 (5)
Doctor

Tomasz Grzelewski

Dermatology 21 years exp.

Dr Tomasz Grzelewski is an MD, PhD specialist in allergy, paediatrics, general practice and sports medicine, with a clinical focus on dermatology, endocrinology, allergology and sports-related health. He has more than 20 years of clinical experience and completed his medical training at the Medical University of Łódź, where he defended his PhD thesis with distinction. His doctoral research was recognised by the Polish Society of Allergology for its innovative contribution to the field. Throughout his career, he has gained extensive expertise in diagnosing and managing a wide range of allergic and paediatric conditions, including modern allergen desensitisation techniques. For five years, Dr Grzelewski served as the Head of two paediatric departments in Poland, managing complex clinical cases and leading multidisciplinary teams. He also worked in medical centres in the United Kingdom, gaining experience across both primary care and specialist environments. With over a decade of telemedicine experience, he has provided online consultations across Europe and is valued for his clear, structured and evidence-based medical guidance. Dr Grzelewski is actively involved in clinical programmes focused on modern anti-allergic therapies. As a Principal Investigator, he leads research projects on sublingual and oral allergen desensitisation, supporting evidence-based progress in allergy treatment for both children and adults. In addition to his background in allergology and paediatrics, he completed dermatology studies through the Cambridge Education Group (Royal College of Physicians of Ireland) and a Clinical Endocrinology course at Harvard Medical School. This advanced training enhances his ability to manage skin manifestations of allergies, atopic conditions, urticaria, endocrine-related symptoms and complex immunological reactions. Patients commonly seek his care for: 

  • seasonal and perennial allergies
  • allergic rhinitis and chronic nasal symptoms
  • asthma and breathing difficulties
  • food and medication allergies
  • urticaria, atopic dermatitis and skin reactions
  • recurrent infections in children
  • sports-related health questions
  • general family medicine concerns

Dr Tomasz Grzelewski is known for his clear communication style, structured medical approach and ability to explain treatment options in a concise and accessible way. His multidisciplinary background across allergy, paediatrics, dermatology and endocrinology allows him to provide safe, up-to-date and comprehensive care for patients of all ages.

Camera Book a video appointment
€86
0.0 (0)
Doctor

Joao Silva

General medicine 6 years exp.

Dr. João Silva is a physician with training and experience in the field of General and Family Medicine, dedicated to providing healthcare focused on the well-being and quality of life of his patients. Throughout his professional career, he has developed broad clinical competencies, striving to maintain a medical practice based on scientific evidence and continuous knowledge updates.

Between 2013 and 2019, he completed the Integrated Master's Degree in Medicine at the Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences in Porto, where he acquired a solid academic and clinical education.

Subsequently, between January 2021 and December 2021, he completed the General Internship at the Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Center in Santa Maria da Feira, where he had the opportunity to work in different hospital settings and deepen his competencies in several areas of medicine.

From January 2022 until March 2026, he works as a Resident Physician in General and Family Medicine at USF Salvador Machado in Oliveira de Azeméis, developing clinical activities in primary healthcare, follow-up of chronic patients, and health promotion in the community.

Complementing his medical training, Dr. João Silva also completed a Postgraduate Degree in Continuing and Palliative Care at CESPU, strengthening his preparation in the comprehensive approach to patient care, especially in situations requiring prolonged care and multidisciplinary support.

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€61
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