Bactrim

LEAFLET INCLUDED IN THE PACKAGING: PATIENT INFORMATION

Warning! Keep the leaflet, the information on the immediate packaging is in a foreign language!

Bactrim

400 mg + 80 mg, tablets

Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

You should carefully read the contents of the leaflet before using the medicine, as it contains important information for the patient.

• You should keep this leaflet, so that you can read it again if you need to.
• In case of any doubts, you should consult a doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed specifically for you. Do not pass it on to others. The medicine may harm another person, even if their symptoms are the same.
• If the patient experiences any side effects, including any not listed in this leaflet, they should tell their doctor or pharmacist. See section 4.

Table of contents of the leaflet

• 1. What is Bactrim and what is it used for
• 2. Important information before taking Bactrim
• 3. How to take Bactrim
• 4. Possible side effects
• 5. How to store Bactrim
• 6. Contents of the pack and other information

1. What is Bactrim and what is it used for

Bactrim has antibacterial effects. It contains the active substances: sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The combination of these two substances is known as co-trimoxazole. Before recommending the use of the medicine, the doctor will consider the sensitivity of the microorganisms causing the infection and the possibility of side effects. The therapeutic indications are limited to infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to the medicine. Bactrim should be used to treat or prevent infections, only in cases where it has been confirmed or there is a justified suspicion that they were caused by bacteria or other microorganisms sensitive to the active substances of this medicine. In the absence of such data, in the process of selecting the appropriate antibiotic therapy, local epidemiological conditions and the susceptibility of microorganisms to the medicine should be taken into account. Bactrim is indicated for the treatment of adults and adolescents over 12 years of age.
Indications for use:

• respiratory tract infection - in case of exacerbation of chronic bronchitis;
• otitis media;
• gastrointestinal tract infection, including typhoid and traveler's diarrhea;
• treatment and prophylaxis (primary and secondary) of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jiroveciiin adults and adolescents, particularly in people with severe immune system disorders;
• urinary tract infection and soft chancre.

2. Important information before taking Bactrim

When not to take Bactrim

• in patients with significant liver tissue damage;
• in patients with severe renal impairment, with creatinine clearance <15 ml min (see section 3);< li>
• in patients taking dofetilide;
• in children during the first 6 weeks of life.

Warnings and precautions

• If the patient experiences a skin rash or other severe side effects, the use of the medicine should be discontinued immediately.
• If the patient has a severe allergy or bronchial asthma.
• If the patient has porphyria or thyroid function disorders.
• If the patient experiences worsening cough and shortness of breath, they should immediately tell their doctor. The increased risk of severe side effects exists:
• in elderly people,
• in patients who have other diseases, such as kidney or liver dysfunction,
• in patients taking other medicines.
• During the use of Bactrim, potentially life-threatening and severe skin side effects have been reported, such as skin rashes (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis) or acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, appearing on the torso, as red pustules or round spots often with localized blisters.
• Additional symptoms may be associated with oral mucosal ulcers, pharyngitis, nasal and genital lesions, and conjunctivitis (red and swollen eyes).
• Potentially life-threatening skin rashes are often accompanied by flu-like symptoms. The rash can progress to extensive blisters or can lead to skin peeling.
• The greatest risk of severe skin reactions occurs within the first few weeks of treatment.
• If the patient has experienced Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis while taking Bactrim, they should never take Bactrim again.
• If the patient experiences a rash or skin symptoms, they should immediately contact their doctor and inform them that they are taking Bactrim.

Pulmonary infiltrates observed in connection with eosinophilic or allergic pneumonia may manifest as cough and shortness of breath. If these symptoms occur or suddenly worsen, the patient should see a doctor.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Very rare cases of severe immunological reactions resulting from uncontrolled activation of white blood cells, leading to inflammatory conditions (hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis) — which can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated early. If multiple symptoms occur simultaneously or with a slight delay, such as fever, lymph node swelling, weakness, dizziness, shortness of breath, cyanosis, or skin rash, the patient should immediately contact their doctor.
Effect on the kidneys
Sulfonamides, including Bactrim, may cause increased urine excretion, especially in patients with heart failure.
The doctor should carefully monitor the potassium level in the blood serum and kidney function in patients:

• taking high doses of Bactrim, used in patients with pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii;
• taking the usual recommended dose of Bactrim, in whom there are disorders of potassium metabolism or renal impairment;
• receiving medicines that cause high potassium levels in the blood (see "Bactrim and other medicines", below). Long-term treatmentDuring long-term use of Bactrim, the doctor will recommend regular blood, urine, and kidney function tests. The patient should drink plenty of fluids during treatment.

If the patient has a folic acid deficiency, blood-related side effects may occur. They disappear after the administration of folic acid.
Bactrim should not be used in patients with G6PD enzyme deficiency, except in cases of absolute necessity. In such cases, only minimal doses of the medicine are used.

Using Bactrim in patients with kidney function disorders

In patients with renal impairment, the doctor will recommend a dose adjusted for the individual patient based on the results of tests (creatinine clearance), see section 3.

Using Bactrim in patients with liver function disorders

The medicine should be used with caution. The doctor will order more frequent blood tests.

Children and adolescents

Bactrim is mainly intended for use in children under 12 years of age in the form of a syrup with a strength of (200 mg + 40 mg)/5 ml.

Using Bactrim in elderly patients

See section 3.

Using Bactrim in patients with folate deficiency

In patients with folic acid deficiency (in elderly people, patients with pre-existing folic acid deficiency, or patients with renal impairment), blood-related side effects occur more frequently. These symptoms disappear after the administration of folic acid. The doctor will order periodic blood tests.

Bactrim and other medicines

The patient should tell their doctor about all medicines they are currently taking or have recently taken, as well as any medicines they plan to take. The doctor will decide on the continuation, possible modification, and method of monitoring the treatment effects. This applies in particular to medicines containing:

• amantadine(a medicine used to treat a nervous system disease - Parkinson's disease and has antiviral effects); Patients taking amantadine may be at increased risk of neurological adverse events, such as delirium and myoclonus.
• cyclosporine(a medicine that inhibits the activity of the immune system); Transient deterioration of kidney function has been observed in patients treated with co-trimoxazole and cyclosporine after kidney transplantation.
• dapsone(an antibacterial medicine); In case of necessary concurrent use, patients should be monitored for methemoglobinemia (an abnormal form of hemoglobin in the blood).
• digoxin(a medicine used to treat heart failure and certain heart rhythm disorders); The digoxin level in the blood serum should be monitored, especially in elderly patients.
• dofetilide(a medicine used to treat heart rhythm disorders).
• oral antidiabetic medicines; The patient should more frequently monitor their blood glucose levels. It may be necessary to change the dose of oral antidiabetic medicines during and after the use of Bactrim.
• phenytoin(an antiepileptic medicine used to prevent and treat seizures); Patients taking phenytoin should be monitored for signs of phenytoin toxicity.
• clozapine(medicines used to treat mental disorders).
• coumarins(warfarin, acenocoumarol, phenprocoumon) and other oral anticoagulants (medicines that inhibit blood clotting); In patients taking coumarins, blood clotting should be monitored.
• lamivudine(a medicine with antiviral effects);
• diuretics(diuretics), especially thiazides (used, among other things, to treat hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, and edema of various origins); In elderly patients taking diuretics, the platelet count should be regularly monitored.
• potassium-sparing medicines(e.g., ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, potassium-sparing diuretics, and prednisolone (a glucocorticosteroid with strong anti-inflammatory effects));
• memantine(a medicine used in psychiatric disorders); Patients taking memantine may be at increased risk of neurological adverse events, such as delirium and myoclonus.
• methotrexate(a medicine that inhibits the activity of the immune system); Bactrim may increase the toxicity of methotrexate and cause pancytopenia (a decrease in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets); Elderly patients, those with hypoalbuminemia, impaired kidney function, decreased bone marrow reserve, and patients taking high doses of methotrexate should be given folic acid or calcium folinate.
• pyrimethamine(an antiparasitic medicine); Rarely, megaloblastic anemia has been reported in patients taking pyrimethamine for malaria prophylaxis at doses exceeding 25 mg per week and taking co-trimoxazole concomitantly.
• sulfonylurea derivatives(medicines used to treat diabetes) (including glibenclamide, gliclazide, glipizide, chlorpropamide, and tolbutamide); Patients should be regularly monitored for hypoglycemia.
• repaglinide, rosiglitazone, or pioglitazone(oral antidiabetic medicines that lower blood glucose levels); Patients taking repaglinide, rosiglitazone, or pioglitazone should be regularly monitored for hypoglycemia.

In the case of the patient taking the above-mentioned medicines, the doctor will decide whether the patient can take Bactrim at the same time.
It is not recommended to use Bactrim concomitantly with medicines containing:

• amiodarone(a medicine used to treat heart rhythm disorders),
• paclitaxel(an anticancer medicine).

The frequency and severity of side effects such as bone marrow damage and kidney damage may increase if Bactrim is given concomitantly with other medicines that have a proven effect on reducing the number of bone marrow cells or are harmful to the kidneys), such as nucleoside analogues(used in antitumor and antiviral therapy), tacrolimus(used to prevent transplant rejection), azathioprine(a medicine that inhibits the activity of the immune system), or mercaptopurine(an anticancer and immunosuppressive medicine).
Effect on laboratory test results
The patient should inform their doctor about taking Bactrim if it is necessary to determine the creatinine or methotrexate level in the blood. The doctor will order a laboratory test using an appropriate method.

Pregnancy, breastfeeding, and fertility

If the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, suspects that they may be pregnant, or plans to have a child, they should consult their doctor or pharmacist before taking this medicine. The doctor will consider the use of Bactrim in pregnant or breastfeeding women. There is no clear evidence of the risk of fetal malformations in women treated with co-trimoxazole in early pregnancy. However, an increased risk of spontaneous abortion has been observed in women who took trimethoprim or trimethoprim in combination with sulfamethoxazole in the first trimester of pregnancy. Animal studies indicate that very high doses of co-trimoxazole can cause fetal malformations typical of folic acid-lowering substances.
The medicine may be used during pregnancy only if the expected benefits of treatment outweigh the potential risk to the fetus. In such cases, pregnant women or women planning to become pregnant during treatment with Bactrim are recommended to take folic acid at a dose of 5 mg per day. If possible, the use of Bactrim should be avoided in the last period of pregnancy due to the risk of kernicterus in the newborn. Since the active substances of Bactrim pass into breast milk, the doctor will consider the risk to the child (kernicterus, hypersensitivity) in relation to the expected therapeutic benefits for the mother.
There is no available data on the effect on fertility.

Driving and using machines

There is no data on the effect of the medicine on the ability to drive and use machines.

Bactrim contains sodium.

The medicine contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg) of sodium per tablet, which means that the medicine is considered "sodium-free".

3. How to take Bactrim

This medicine should always be taken according to the doctor's recommendations. In case of doubts, the patient should consult their doctor.
Bactrim is taken orally. It is best to take it after a meal with a sufficient amount of fluids.
Adults and adolescents over 12 years of age with normal kidney function
In the case of acute infections, Bactrim is given for at least 5 days or until the patient has not shown symptoms of infection for at least 2 days. If there is no clinical improvement after a week of treatment, the patient should see their doctor again.
Pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii
The treatment uses a dose not exceeding 100 mg/kg body weight per day of sulfamethoxazole and 20 mg/kg body weight per day of trimethoprim in equal divided doses given every 6 hours for 14 days.

Maximum doses depending on the body weight of patients with pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii.
In the prophylaxis of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, the recommended dose for adolescents and adults is 2 Bactrim tablets once a day. The results of a study conducted in patients with HIV infection also indicate the effectiveness of using 1 Bactrim tablet once a day.
In children, the recommended daily dose for prophylaxis of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jiroveciiis 750 mg/m² body surface area per day of sulfamethoxazole with 150 mg/m² body surface area per day of trimethoprim divided into two equal doses, for three consecutive days a week. The total daily dose should not exceed 1600 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 320 mg of trimethoprim.
Treatment with a single dose in uncomplicated, acute urinary tract infections
4 to 6 Bactrim tablets taken once, preferably in the evening after dinner or before bedtime.
Treatment of soft chancre
2 Bactrim tablets twice a day. If there are no signs of improvement after 7 days, the doctor will consider continuing the treatment for another 7 days.
Dosing in patients with renal impairment
Recommended dosing regimen in patients with renal impairment:
Creatinine clearance > 30 ml/min: standard dosing.
Creatinine clearance 15 – 30 ml/min: half of the standard dose.
Creatinine clearance <15 ml min: bactrim should not be used (see section 2).
Dosing in patients undergoing dialysis
Patients undergoing hemodialysis should initially receive a normal loading dose of Bactrim, and then an additional half dose after each hemodialysis. Peritoneal dialysis results in minimal removal of the medicine. It is not recommended to use Bactrim in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Dosing in elderly patients
In elderly patients with normal kidney function, the same doses as for adults should be used.
In case of any further doubts related to the use of this medicine, the patient should consult their doctor or pharmacist.

4. Possible side effects

Like all medicines, Bactrim can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
In the recommended doses, Bactrim is generally well tolerated.

Frequent side effects (less than 1 in 10 patients, but more than 1 in 100 patients) are:

• skin reactions, including drug rashes, exfoliative dermatitis, rash, papular rash, urticaria, erythema, pruritus,
• nausea, vomiting,
• increased enzyme activity (aminotransferases),
• increased urea and creatinine levels in the blood.

Uncommon side effects (not more than 1 in 100 patients) are:

• diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis,
• increased bilirubin levels (bile pigment), hepatitis,
• fungal infections, such as candidiasis,
• seizures,
• kidney function disorders,
• hives.

Rare side effects (less than 1 in 1,000 patients, but more than 1 in 10,000 patients) are:

• blood and lymphatic system disorders: most of the observed changes in the blood picture are mild, asymptomatic, and disappear after discontinuation of the medicine. The most common changes observed were a decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukopenia, granulocytopenia) and platelets (thrombocytopenia), anemia (decrease in the number of red blood cells): megaloblastic, hemolytic/autoimmune, aplastic);
• stomatitis, glossitis,
• phlebitis,
• cholestasis,
• hypoglycemia (decreased blood sugar levels). Cases of hypoglycemia have been reported in non-diabetic patients treated with co-trimoxazole, usually after several days of treatment. Patients with impaired kidney function, liver disease, malnutrition, or those taking high doses of co-trimoxazole are at particular risk of hypoglycemia;
• nervous system disorders (neuropathy, including peripheral neuropathy and unpleasant sensory sensations, such as numbness, tingling, vibration, and passage of current),
• hallucinations,
• crystalluria (presence of crystals in the urine).

Very rare side effects (less than 1 in 10,000 patients) are:

• blood and lymphatic system disorders, such as significant reduction or complete loss of white blood cells (agranulocytosis), simultaneous reduction of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets (pancytopenia), abnormal hemoglobin structure (methemoglobinemia),
• allergic myocarditis,
• tinnitus, dizziness,
• conjunctivitis,
• liver necrosis,
• hypersensitivity reactions/allergic reactions in patients hypersensitive to the components of the medicine: e.g., fever, angioedema (swelling that can involve the face and throat, sometimes causing life-threatening shortness of breath), anaphylactoid reactions (with a course similar to the above-mentioned allergic reactions), and serum sickness (skin rashes, muscle and joint pain, fever). The most common skin reactions observed during the use of Bactrim were generally mild and disappeared quickly after discontinuation of the medicine.
• cases of muscle tissue breakdown (rhabdomyolysis),
• ataxia, aseptic meningitis, or symptoms similar to meningitis,
• interstitial nephritis, increased urine excretion,
• pulmonary infiltrates observed in connection with eosinophilic or allergic pneumonia (see section 2). They may manifest as cough and shortness of breath. If such symptoms occur or suddenly worsen, the patient should see a doctor.
• erythema multiforme (skin rashes of varying severity), hypersensitivity to light (similar to other sulfonamide-containing medicines), potentially life-threatening skin rashes (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis - Lyell's disease) drug rash, which is accompanied by an increased number of eosinophils in the blood and systemic symptoms, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, papular and Henoch-Schönlein purpura (necrotizing vasculitis).

Side effects with an unknown frequency (cannot be estimated from the available data) are:

• retinal vasculitis,
• acute pancreatitis. In some patients with acute pancreatitis, severe diseases, including AIDS, have occurred,
• vanishing bile duct syndrome,
• hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels in the blood),
• hyponatremia (decreased sodium levels in the blood),
• joint and muscle pain,
• cerebral vasculitis,
• pulmonary vasculitis,
• vasculitis, necrotizing vasculitis, granulomatous vasculitis (necrotizing vasculitis of small arteries) and nodular vasculitis,
• painful, bulging skin changes in purple color, appearing on the limbs, and sometimes on the face and neck, accompanied by fever (Sweet's syndrome),
• spontaneous abortion.

Safety in patients with HIV infection
The types of side effects in this patient group are similar to those in the general population of patients taking Bactrim. However, some side effects may occur more frequently and have a different clinical picture. These differences concern the following symptoms:
Very common:
decrease in the number of certain types of blood cells (leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia);
increased potassium levels in the blood serum (hyperkalemia);
anorexia, nausea with or without vomiting, diarrhea;
papular rash, pruritus;
fever, usually accompanied by a papular rash;
increased liver enzyme activity (aminotransferases).
Uncommon:
decreased sodium (hyponatremia) or glucose (hypoglycemia) levels in the blood.

Reporting side effects

If side effects occur, including any not listed in the leaflet, the patient should tell their doctor or pharmacist. Side effects can be reported directly to the Department of Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Medicinal Products of the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices, and Biocidal Products,
Al. Jerozolimskie 181C

• 02 - 222 Warsaw Tel.: + 48 22 49 21 301 Fax: + 48 22 49 21 309 Website: https://smz.ezdrowie.gov.pl By reporting side effects, more information can be collected on the safety of the medicine.

5. How to store Bactrim

The medicine should be stored in a place invisible and inaccessible to children.
There are no special recommendations for storage.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the packaging. The expiry date refers to the last day of the specified month.
Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste containers. The patient should ask their pharmacist how to dispose of medicines that are no longer needed. This will help protect the environment.

6. Contents of the pack and other information

What Bactrim contains

• The active substances of Bactrim are sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. 1 tablet contains 400 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 80 mg of trimethoprim.
• The other ingredients are: povidone K 30, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate.

What Bactrim looks like and what the pack contains

White, round, convex tablets on both sides with a dividing line. The packaging contains 20 tablets packed in 2 blisters, in a cardboard box.
To obtain more detailed information, the patient should contact the marketing authorization holder or the parallel importer.

Marketing authorization holder in France, the country of export:

EUMEDICA Pharmaceuticals GmbH
Basler Straße 126
79540 Lörrach, Germany

Manufacturer:

EUMEDICA Pharmaceuticals GmbH
Basler Straße 126
79540 Lörrach, Germany

Parallel importer:

Medezin Sp. z o.o.
ul. Zbąszyńska 3
91-342 Łódź

Repackaged by:

Medezin Sp. z o.o.
ul. Zbąszyńska 3
91-342 Łódź
CEFEA Sp. z o.o. Sp. komandytowa
ul. Działkowa 56
02-234 Warsaw
Pharma Innovations Sp. z o.o.
ul. Jagiellońska 76
03-301 Warsaw
Synoptis Industrial Sp. z o.o.
ul. Szosa Bydgoska 58
87-100 Toruń
CANPOLAND SPÓŁKA AKCYJNA
ul. Beskidzka 190
91-610 Łódź
Marketing authorization number in France, the country of export: 300 106-9
34009 300 106 9 3
Parallel import authorization number: 165/22
Date of leaflet approval: 11.04.2022
[Information about the trademark]