Xanax

Leaflet attached to the packaging: patient information

WARNING: Keep the leaflet, information on the immediate packaging in a foreign language.

XANAX,0.25 mg, tablets
Alprazolamum

You should carefully read the contents of the leaflet before using the medicine, as it contains important information for the patient.

• You should keep this leaflet, so that you can read it again if necessary.
• In case of any doubts, you should consult a doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed to a specific person. It should not be given to others. The medicine may harm another person, even if the symptoms of their illness are the same.
• If the patient experiences any side effects, including any side effects not listed in this leaflet, they should tell their doctor or pharmacist. See section 4.

Table of contents of the leaflet

• 1. What is Xanax and what is it used for
• 2. Important information before taking Xanax
• 3. How to take Xanax
• 4. Possible side effects
• 5. How to store Xanax
• 6. Contents of the packaging and other information

1. What is Xanax and what is it used for

The active substance of Xanax is alprazolam. It belongs to a group of medicines called benzodiazepines (anxiolytic drugs).
Xanax is indicated for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety disorders in adults, only in situations where the symptoms are severe, prevent normal functioning, or are very troublesome for the patient. This medicine is intended for short-term use only.

2. Important information before taking Xanax

When not to take Xanax:

• if the patient is allergic to alprazolam and other benzodiazepines, or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6);
• if the patient has myasthenia gravis (a disease characterized by excessive muscle fatigue and weakness);
• if the patient has severe respiratory failure;
• if the patient has sleep apnea syndrome;
• if the patient has severe liver failure.

Xanax should not be taken by children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Warnings and precautions

Before starting treatment with Xanax, the patient should discuss it with their doctor

• if the medicine is taken for a long time, as dependence on the medicine may occur, especially in patients prone to drug or alcohol abuse. The need for continued treatment should be periodically assessed by the doctor;
• if the dose of the medicine is reduced or it is suddenly discontinued [possible occurrence of withdrawal symptoms (see section 4)];
• if the medicine is taken by patients with depression, with suicidal thoughts or tendencies;
• if the patient is taking other benzodiazepines (increased risk of dependence);
• if the patient is taking opioids, sleeping pills, sedatives, or drinking alcohol (the effect of these medicines or alcohol may be enhanced);
• if restlessness, psychomotor agitation, irritability, aggression, delusions, anger, nightmares, hallucinations, psychosis, or other behavioral disorders occur. In the event of the occurrence of these symptoms, the use of the medicine should be discontinued and the doctor should be consulted;
• if the patient has glaucoma;
• if the patient has kidney or liver function disorders. Like other benzodiazepines, Xanax may cause anterograde amnesia, which occurs a few hours after taking the medicine. In such a case, the patient should have uninterrupted sleep for 7-8 hours. Benzodiazepines and similarly acting substances should be used with caution in elderly patients, due to the risk of excessive sedation and (or) muscle weakness, which may lead to falls, often with serious consequences for such a patient.

Episodes of hypomania and mania have been reported in association with the use of Xanax in patients with depression.
Before planned surgery, the patient should inform their doctor about taking Xanax.

Xanax and other medicines

The patient should tell their doctor about all medicines they are currently taking or have recently taken, as well as any medicines they plan to take.

• Particular caution should be exercised when taking Xanax with opioids, as they have a depressive effect on the respiratory system (slow down and shallow breathing). This is associated with a risk of excessive sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and even death.
• Xanax may enhance the effect of antipsychotic, sedative, anxiolytic, antidepressant, narcotic analgesic, anticonvulsant, anesthetic, and antihistamine medicines.
• In the case of narcotic analgesics, there may be an increase in euphoria, which can lead to an increase in psychological dependence.
• Alcohol should not be consumed during treatment with Xanax.
• It is not recommended to take Xanax at the same time as certain antifungal medicines for internal use (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole).
• Particular caution should be exercised and a dose reduction should be considered when taking Xanax and nefazodone, fluvoxamine, and cimetidine.
• Particular caution should be exercised when taking alprazolam with fluoxetine, propoxyphene, oral contraceptives, sertraline, diltiazem, and macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin, or troleandomycin).
• The concomitant use of Xanax and HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir) requires dose modification or discontinuation of alprazolam.
• Patients taking alprazolam and digoxin should be closely monitored for signs of digoxin toxicity (objective and subjective).
• Theophylline may decrease the effect of benzodiazepines.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

If the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, suspects that they may be pregnant, or plans to have a child, they should consult their doctor before taking this medicine.
Xanax should not be used during pregnancy.
If the medicine is used during pregnancy or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking alprazolam, they should be examined for potential fetal risk.
If it is necessary to administer the medicine in the last trimester of pregnancy, high doses should be avoided and the newborn should be monitored.
Benzodiazepines pass into human milk in small amounts. Xanax should not be used during breastfeeding.

Driving and using machines

Xanax causes impairment of psychophysical fitness. Before taking Xanax, the patient should familiarize themselves with the current local traffic laws.
While taking Xanax, the patient should not drive vehicles or operate machines.

Xanax contains lactose monohydrate

If the patient has previously been diagnosed with intolerance to some sugars, they should consult their doctor before taking the medicine.

Xanax contains sodium benzoate (E211)

The medicine contains 0.11 mg of sodium benzoate per tablet.

Xanax contains sodium

The medicine contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg) of sodium per tablet, which means that the medicine is considered "sodium-free".

3. How to take Xanax

This medicine should always be taken according to the doctor's instructions. In case of doubts, the patient should consult their doctor or pharmacist.
Xanax is available in the following doses: 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg.
Treatment should last as short as possible. The doctor should frequently assess the patient's condition and the need to extend treatment, especially if the severity of the symptoms decreases and may not require pharmacological treatment. The total treatment time should not exceed 2-4 weeks. Long-term treatment is not recommended.
At the start of treatment, the doctor will inform the patient about the limited duration of therapy, the gradual reduction of the dose during withdrawal of the medicine, and the possibility of withdrawal reactions.
During the use of benzodiazepines, including Xanax, dependence and emotional or physical dependence may develop. This risk may increase with the dose and duration of treatment, so the smallest effective dose should be used for the shortest possible time and the need for continued treatment should be frequently assessed with the doctor.
Recommended dose
The dose is determined by the doctor based on the severity of symptoms and the individual patient's response to treatment. If severe side effects occur after administration of the initial dose, the doctor may decide to reduce the dose.
Symptomatic treatment of anxiety disorders
The recommended initial dose is 0.25 mg or 0.5 mg three times a day.
The doctor may decide to increase it, depending on the patient's needs, to a maximum daily dose of 4 mg divided into smaller doses, taken throughout the day.

Use in children and adolescents

Xanax should not be used in children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Use in patients with kidney or liver function disorders

Use in patients with severe liver failure is contraindicated.

Use in elderly patients

The recommended initial dose is 0.25 mg two or three times a day.
If necessary, the doctor may decide to gradually increase the dose, depending on the patient's tolerance to the medicine. If side effects occur, the doctor will decide to reduce the initial dose.

Use of a higher than recommended dose of Xanax

Taking a higher than recommended dose of Xanax may cause: ataxia (lack of coordination), drowsiness, speech disorders, coma, and respiratory depression. If worrying symptoms occur, the patient should immediately consult their doctor.

Missing a dose of Xanax

The patient should not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.

Discontinuation of Xanax

The patient should not stop taking the medicine on their own.
Since the treatment is symptomatic, after its discontinuation, the symptoms of the disease may return. The doctor will decide to gradually reduce the dose.
In case of any further doubts related to the use of this medicine, the patient should consult their doctor.

4. Possible side effects

Like all medicines, Xanax can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
If any of the following side effects persist or are troublesome, the patient should inform their doctor. The occurrence of some side effects depends entirely on the individual patient's susceptibility and the dose of the medicine taken.
Side effects are usually observed at the beginning of therapy. They disappear as treatment continues or when the dose is reduced.
Frequency of side effects observed in clinical trials and after the medicine was placed on the market:

Very common - may occur in more than 1 in 10 people:

• depression,
• sedation,
• drowsiness,
• ataxia (lack of coordination),
• memory disorders,
• speech disorders,
• dizziness,
• headache,
• constipation,
• dry mouth,
• fatigue,
• irritability.

Common - may occur in up to 1 in 10 people:

• decreased appetite,
• confusion,
• disorientation,
• decreased libido (sexual drive),
• increased libido,
• anxiety,
• insomnia,
• nervousness,
• balance disorders,
• coordination disorders,
• concentration disorders,
• increased need for sleep,
• lethargy,
• tremor,
• blurred vision,
• nausea,
• skin rash,
• sexual disorders,
• weight loss,
• weight gain.

Uncommon - may occur in up to 1 in 100 people:

• mania,
• hallucinations,
• anger,
• agitation,
• dependence,
• amnesia,
• muscle weakness,
• urinary incontinence,
• irregular menstrual cycles,
• withdrawal syndrome.

Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data):

• hyperprolactinemia (elevated prolactin levels),
• hypomania,
• aggressive behavior,
• hostile behavior,
• thought disorders,
• increased psychomotor activity,
• drug abuse,
• autonomic nervous system disorders (which controls the function of internal organs, smooth muscles, and glands),
• dystonia (muscle tone disorders),
• gastrointestinal disorders,
• hepatitis,
• liver disorders,
• jaundice,
• angioedema,
• photosensitivity reactions,
• urinary retention,
• peripheral edema (swelling of the ankles, feet, or fingers),
• increased intraocular pressure.

Additionally, especially in patients taking other psychotropic medicines, with mental disorders, or abusing alcohol, a paradoxical reaction may occur with symptoms such as anxiety.
Other side effects have been observed rarely or very rarely: motor disorders, epilepsy, psychotic symptoms, a feeling of changed self, agranulocytosis (a significant decrease in the number of granulocytes), allergic reactions, or anaphylaxis (severe allergic reactions).
Benzodiazepines may cause physical and psychological dependence. If physical dependence occurs, sudden discontinuation of Xanax may cause withdrawal symptoms: headache, muscle pain, increased anxiety, feeling of tension, agitation, disorientation, irritability, changed perception of the environment or oneself, impaired hearing, stiffness, and paresthesia of the limbs, hypersensitivity to light, noise, and touch, hallucinations, and seizures. These symptoms are usually more severe in patients treated for a long time, with high doses of benzodiazepines, and in the case of sudden or rapid discontinuation of the medicine.

Reporting side effects

If any side effects occur, including any side effects not listed in the leaflet, the patient should tell their doctor or pharmacist. Side effects can be reported directly to the Department of Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Medicinal Products of the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices, and Biocidal Products,
Aleje Jerozolimskie 181C,
02-222 Warsaw,
Phone: +48 22 49 21 301,
Fax: +48 22 49 21 309
Website: https://smz.ezdrowie.gov.pl
Reporting side effects will help to gather more information on the safety of the medicine.

5. How to store Xanax

The medicine should be stored in a place that is invisible and inaccessible to children.
Do not store above 25°C.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the packaging.
The expiry date refers to the last day of the given month.
Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste containers. The patient should ask their pharmacist how to dispose of medicines that are no longer used. This will help protect the environment.

6. Contents of the packaging and other information

What Xanax contains

• The active substance of Xanax is alprazolam. The other ingredients of the medicine are: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium docuzate (85%) + sodium benzoate (15%), colloidal silica anhydrous, magnesium stearate, corn starch.

What Xanax looks like and what the packaging contains

Xanax, 0.25 mg: white, elliptical-oval tablets, scored, marked with "Upjohn 29" on one side and a score line on the other side of the tablet
The packaging contains 30 tablets in PVC/PVDC-Aluminum blisters in a cardboard box.
For more detailed information, the patient should contact the marketing authorization holder or the parallel importer.

Marketing authorization holder in Greece, the country of export:

Upjohn Hellas Ltd, Mesogion Ave 253-255, 154 51 Neo Psychiko, Athens, Greece

Manufacturer:

Pfizer Italia S.r.l., Localita Marino del Tronto, 63100 - Ascoli Piceno (AP), Italy
Parallel importer:
PharmaVitae Sp. z o.o. sp. k., ul. E. Orzeszkowej 3/35, 59-820 Leśna
Repackaged by:
Synoptis Industrial Sp. z o.o., ul. Szosa Bydgoska 58, 87-100 Toruń
Prodlekpol Sp. z o.o., ul. Chełmżyńska 249, 04-458 Warsaw
Pharma Innovations Sp. z o.o., ul. Jagiellońska 76, 03-301 Warsaw
Natur Produkt Zdrovit Sp. z o.o., ul. Nocznickiego 31, 01-918 Warsaw
Prespack Jacek Karoński, ul. Św. Wawrzyńca 34, 60-541 Poznań
CEFEA Sp. z o.o. Sp. komandytowa, ul. Działkowa 56, 02-234 Warsaw
Marketing authorization number in Greece, the country of export: 23875/26-06-1995
Parallel import authorization number: 227/18
Date of leaflet approval: 29.12.2022
[Information about the trademark]