Sintrom

LEAFLET INCLUDED IN THE PACKAGING: INFORMATION FOR THE PATIENT

Warning! Keep the leaflet, the information on the immediate packaging is in a foreign language!

Sintrom, 4 mg, tablets

Acenocoumarol

You should carefully read the contents of the leaflet before using the medicine, as it contains important information for the patient.

• You should keep this leaflet, so that you can read it again if you need to.
• In case of any doubts, you should consult a doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed specifically for you. Do not pass it on to others. The medicine may harm another person, even if their symptoms are the same.
• If the patient experiences any side effects, including any side effects not listed in this leaflet, they should tell their doctor or pharmacist. See section 4.

Table of contents of the leaflet

• 1. What is Sintrom and what is it used for
• 2. Important information before taking Sintrom
• 3. How to take Sintrom
• 4. Possible side effects
• 5. How to store Sintrom
• 6. Contents of the pack and other information

1. What is Sintrom and what is it used for

What is Sintrom

Sintrom contains the active substance acenocoumarol.
Acenocoumarol belongs to a group of anticoagulant substances that reduce the blood's ability to clot and thus prevent the formation of blood clots in blood vessels.

What is Sintrom used for

Sintrom is indicated for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases.

How Sintrom works

Sintrom works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. It does not dissolve blood clots that have already formed, but it can prevent clots from growing and causing more serious problems.

Control tests during Sintrom treatment

During treatment with Sintrom, the doctor will prescribe regular blood tests and adjust the dose of the medicine accordingly.
You should consult your doctor if you have any questions about the action of Sintrom or the reasons why it was prescribed.

2. Important information before taking Sintrom

Sintrom should only be taken after consulting a doctor. Sintrom is not suitable for every patient.
You should strictly follow the doctor's instructions, which may differ from the information contained in this leaflet.

When not to take Sintrom:

• If the patient is allergic (hypersensitive) to acenocoumarol and similar coumarin derivatives or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6 of the leaflet). In this case, you should contact your doctor before taking Sintrom. If you are unsure which medicines to avoid, you should ask your doctor or pharmacist.
• If the patient is unable to cooperate (e.g. unsupervised elderly patients, alcoholics, and patients with mental disorders).
• If the patient has congenital or acquired bleeding disorders (hemophilia).
• Shortly after eye surgery, central nervous system surgery, dental procedures, as well as after surgical procedures involving the lungs, prostate, uterus, which are associated with significant blood loss or shortly before surgery, when significant blood loss is expected.
• If the patient has gastric or duodenal ulcer disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, genitourinary tract bleeding, brain or lung bleeding.
• If the patient has acute infection or inflammatory conditions of the heart, pericardial effusion.
• If the patient has uncontrolled hypertension.
• If the patient has severe liver or kidney disease.
• If the patient is pregnant or suspects that she may be pregnant.

If any of the above situations occur, you should contact your doctor before taking Sintrom.
You should consult your doctor for advice if you have an allergy.

Warnings and precautions:

Before starting Sintrom, you should discuss the following with your doctor:

• If the patient has liver function disorders.
• If the patient has kidney or thyroid function disorders, cancer, inflammatory conditions, or conditions related to impaired absorption of diagnostic nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract. These conditions may cause abnormal levels of the active substance in the blood.
• If the patient has severe heart failure.
• If the patient has a deficiency of protein C or protein S (a type of protein that affects blood clotting).
• If the patient is scheduled for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, e.g. minor surgery, tooth extraction, lumbar puncture, angiography.
• If the patient is taking medications administered by intramuscular injection. During Sintrom treatment or similar medications, you should avoid intramuscular injections, as they may cause hematoma formation.
• If the patient has an increased risk of bleeding, e.g. in patients who have had variable blood test results for the international normalized ratio (INR), who have or have had stomach or duodenal ulcers, who have high blood pressure, who have cerebrovascular disorders (cerebrovascular disease), anemia, recent injury or trauma, or who are taking or have recently taken any of the medications listed below or have been taking Sintrom for a long time.
• In patients taking anticoagulant medications called vitamin K antagonists, including Sintrom, rare cases of calciphylaxis have been reported, a condition in which calcium accumulates in the skin's blood vessels. This causes painful nodules or ulcers that can lead to severe infection, often ending in death. This usually only occurs when the person has severe kidney disease or abnormal calcium, albumin, phosphorus, or certain protein levels in the blood. If this condition is diagnosed, the doctor will start appropriate treatment and may discontinue Sintrom treatment.

You should immediately tell your doctor if any of the above situations occur.

Children and adolescents

Data on the use of Sintrom in children and adolescents are limited, and therefore, more frequent control tests are necessary.

Elderly patients (over 65 years old)

Patient over 65 years old may be more sensitive to acenocoumarol, and therefore, more frequent control tests and, if necessary, dose reduction of the administered medicine may be required.

Other medicines and Sintrom

You should tell your doctor about all medicines you are currently taking or have recently taken, as well as any medicines you plan to take.
Sintrom may affect the action of other medicines, and vice versa.

It is not recommended to take Sintrom with the following medicines:

• heparin (an anticoagulant medicine),
• antibiotics (e.g. clindamycin),
• salicylic acid and its derivatives, e.g. acetylsalicylic acid, aminosalicylic acid, diflunisal (a pain reliever),
• clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, ticlopidine, phenylbutazone, and other pyrazolone derivatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including celecoxib),
• pyrazolone (sulfinpyrazone), other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (medicines that affect platelets, involved in the blood clotting process).

Caution should be exercised when taking Sintrom in combination with other medicines, particularly:

• glucosamine (for osteoarthritis) - may enhance the effect of Sintrom,
• certain types of anticoagulant medications (e.g. warfarin, dicumarol, phenprocoumon, acenocoumarol, and fluindione). The action of these medications may be stronger when taken with glucosamine. Patients treated with such combinations of medications should be closely monitored when starting or stopping glucosamine treatment.

It is recommended that Sintrom not be taken with any of the above-mentioned medicines. If it is necessary to take any of these medicines while taking Sintrom, the doctor will more frequently monitor the blood clotting parameters.
Other medicines that may increase the effect of Sintrom, such as:

• allopurinol (a medicine used to treat gout),
• androgens, anabolic steroids,
• antiarrhythmic medications (e.g. amiodarone, quinidine) (medicines that prevent irregular heart rhythm),
• antibiotics (e.g. erythromycin, tetracyclines, neomycin, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, some cephalosporins, and some fluoroquinolones) (medicines used to treat infections),
• certain antidepressant medications (serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRI: e.g. citalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline),
• cimetidine (a medicine used to treat stomach ulcers and heartburn),
• clofibrate and its derivatives (a medicine used to lower cholesterol levels),
• corticosteroids, e.g. methylprednisolone, prednisone (anti-inflammatory medicines),
• disulfiram (a medicine used to treat alcoholism),
• ethacrynic acid (a medicine used to increase urine production),
• glucagon (a medicine used to maintain normal blood glucose levels),
• imidazole derivatives (e.g. metronidazole, and even miconazole used topically) (a medicine used to treat infections),
• paracetamol (a pain reliever and antipyretic),
• sulfonamides, including co-trimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) (medicines used to treat infections),
• sulfonylurea derivatives (tolbutamide, chlorpropamide) (medicines used to treat diabetes),
• thyroid hormones (including dextrothyroxine) (a medicine used to treat hypothyroidism),
• medicines that reduce the activity of the liver enzyme CYP2C9 (e.g. valproic acid)
• you should ask your doctor or pharmacist if any of the medicines you are taking have this effect.
• statins (e.g. fluvastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin) (medicines used to lower cholesterol levels),
• tamoxifen (a medicine used to treat breast cancer),
• tramadol (a pain reliever),
• proton pump inhibitors (e.g. omeprazole),
• plasminogen activators (e.g. urokinase, streptokinase, and alteplase), thrombin inhibitors (e.g. argatroban) (medicines used to dissolve blood clots during angina pectoris),
• prokinetic agents (e.g. cisapride) (medicines used to treat gastrointestinal disorders),
• antacids (e.g. magnesium hydroxide),
• viloxazine (an antidepressant),
• vitamin E.

Medicines that may decrease the effect of Sintrom, such as:

• certain anticancer medicines (aminoglutethimide, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine) (medicines used to treat cancer),
• certain antiviral medicines (ritonavir, nelfinavir) (medicines used in HIV therapy),
• barbiturates, carbamazepine (antiepileptic medicines),
• cholestyramine (a medicine used to lower cholesterol levels),
• griseofulvin (a medicine used to treat fungal infections),
• oral contraceptives,
• rifampicin (a medicine used to treat infections),
• Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort) (a herbal medicine used to treat depression),
• foods rich in vitamin K.

Effect of Sintrom on other medicines:

• Sintrom may increase the risk of toxicity when taken with hydantoin derivatives, such as phenytoin (a medicine used to treat epilepsy).
• Sintrom may enhance the effect of blood glucose-lowering medicines, such as sulfonylurea derivatives (e.g. glibenclamide, glimepiride).

Sintrom with food and drink and alcohol

You should limit your consumption of large amounts of alcohol and foods rich in vitamin K, such as leafy green vegetables, spinach, cabbage, kale, peas, soybean oil, walnuts, broccoli, turnips, alfalfa, avocado, etc. Alcohol may alter the effect of Sintrom. If you are unsure, you should consult your doctor.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, think you may be pregnant, or plan to have a child, you should consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking this medicine.
The use of Sintrom during pregnancy is contraindicated. Sintrom, like other anticoagulant medicines, may cause serious harm to the fetus.
It is recommended that women of childbearing age have a pregnancy test before taking Sintrom to rule out pregnancy. You should use effective contraception while taking Sintrom.
The potential risks and benefits of the therapy should be discussed with the patient by the doctor.
If you are breastfeeding, you should consult your doctor. Both the mother and the child require special medical supervision, and the child should prophylactically receive vitamin K.

Driving and using machines

Sintrom does not affect the ability to drive or use machines. In case of an accident, you should inform your doctor or hospital staff that you are taking Sintrom.
Considering the possibility of injury, e.g. in an accident, it is recommended to carry a card with information about anticoagulant treatment.

Sintrom contains lactose monohydrate

Sintrom contains lactose (milk sugar). If you have been diagnosed with intolerance to some sugars, you should contact your doctor before taking the medicine.

3. How to take Sintrom

This medicine should always be taken according to the doctor's instructions. If you are unsure, you should consult your doctor.
The dosage of the medicine is determined by the doctor. Regular blood clotting tests allow the doctor to adjust the dose of Sintrom, which should be taken daily. You should follow the doctor's instructions and not exceed the recommended doses.

Recommended dose of Sintrom

The doctor will inform you exactly how many Sintrom tablets to take. Depending on how you respond to the treatment, the doctor may recommend increasing or decreasing the dose.
Individual sensitivity to the medicine may vary and may change during treatment or when changing your diet, especially when foods rich in vitamin K (spinach, cabbage) are included. You should strictly follow the doctor's instructions, which will be based on laboratory tests and tailored to your needs.

Dosage:

Adults
The usual initial dose is 2 mg/day to 4 mg/day.
The maintenance dose is usually between 1 mg/day and 8 mg/day.
Elderly patients, patients with liver disease, or severe heart failure (which slows down blood flow in the liver and may damage it) or malnourished patients may require a lower dose at the beginning and during maintenance treatment with Sintrom.
Use in children and adolescents
The doctor will decide on the use of Sintrom in children and adolescents.

During each visit to the doctor or dentist, you should inform them that you are taking this medicine.

How and when to take Sintrom

You should regularly take the tablets, every day at the same time (e.g. in the evening with a meal, with a glass of water). The tablets should be swallowed whole.
The tablet can be divided into equal doses.
The doctor should assess whether the patient is able to divide the Sintrom tablet, 4 mg, into four equal parts.

How long to take Sintrom

The doctor will inform you exactly how long to take Sintrom.

Taking more Sintrom than recommended

If you accidentally take more than the recommended amount of Sintrom tablets, you should immediately contact your doctor.Overdose of Sintrom may lead to bleeding. If bleeding occurs, you should stop taking Sintrom and start treatment for bleeding.

Missing a dose of Sintrom

If you miss a dose, you should take the missed dose as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, you should not take the missed dose, just take the next dose at the usual time.
You should not take a double dose to make up for the missed dose. During your next visit to the doctor, you should inform them about all cases of missed doses.

Stopping Sintrom treatment

If you have any further doubts about taking this medicine, you should consult your doctor.

4. Possible side effects

Like all medicines, Sintrom can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

Some side effects may be serious:

Frequent (less than 1 case in 10 people): bleeding (symptoms may include: unexplained nosebleeds or bleeding gums when brushing teeth; unexplained bruising; unusual, heavy, or unexpected menstrual bleeding; blood in urine; bloody or black, tarry stools; coughing up blood or bloody vomit; sudden, severe, or persistent headache). If you experience any of these bleeding symptoms, it may mean that you have taken more medicine than you need.
Rare (less than 1 case in 1,000 people): Allergic reactions in the form of a rash or itching.
Very rare (less than 1 case in 10,000 people): Blood spots in the skin with blistering or without blistering, usually located on the cheeks, buttocks, abdomen, chest, and sometimes on the toes; blood spots or hematomas under the skin (a sign of possible vasculitis).
If you experience any of the above side effects, you should immediately inform your doctor.

Other side effects:

Rare (less than 1 case in 1,000 people): hair loss, decreased appetite, vomiting, nausea.
If you experience any of the above symptoms, you should inform your doctor.
Frequency not known (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data): Painful skin rash. Sintrom may cause severe skin disorders, including calciphylaxis, which may initially manifest as a painful skin rash but may lead to other serious complications. This side effect occurs more frequently in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Lower than normal red blood cell count or decreased hemoglobin levels (anemia).
If you experience any side effects not listed in this leaflet, you should tell your doctor.

Reporting side effects

If you experience any side effects, including any side effects not listed in the leaflet, you should tell your doctor or pharmacist. Side effects can be reported directly to the Department of Adverse Reaction Monitoring of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices, and Biocidal Products, Al. Jerozolimskie 181C, 02-222 Warsaw, Tel.: +48 22 49 21 301, Fax: +48 22 49 21 309, website: https://smz.ezdrowie.gov.pl
By reporting side effects, you can help gather more information on the safety of the medicine.

5. How to store Sintrom

There are no special storage instructions.
The medicine should be stored out of sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the packaging.
The expiry date refers to the last day of the month stated.
Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. You should ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines that are no longer needed. This will help protect the environment.

6. Contents of the pack and other information

What Sintrom contains

• The active substance of Sintrom is acenocoumarol. Each tablet contains 4 mg of acenocoumarol.
• The other ingredients are: lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, corn starch, corn starch paste, colloidal silica anhydrous.

What Sintrom looks like and contents of the pack

Sintrom is a white, round, flat tablet with rounded edges. On one side, it is engraved with "CG" and on the other side, it has a cross-shaped dividing line, allowing it to be divided into four equal parts, each with the letter "A" engraved.
Sintrom is available in packs containing 20 tablets.
For more detailed information, you should contact the marketing authorization holder or the parallel importer.

Marketing authorization holder in Romania, the country of export:

Merus Labs Luxco II S.à.R.L.
26-28, rue Edward Steichen
L-2540 Luxembourg
Luxembourg

Manufacturer:

FAMAR A.V.E.
Anthoussa Avenue 7
Anthoussa Attiki, 15349
Greece
NORGINE B.V.
Antonio Vivaldistraat 150
1083 HP, Amsterdam
Netherlands
ROVI PHARMA INDUSTRIAL SERVICES, S.A.
FROSST IBÉRICA, S.A.
Via Complutense, 140
Alcalá de Henares
28805 Madrid
Spain

Parallel importer:

Medezin Sp. z o.o.
ul. Zbąszyńska 3
91-342 Łódź

Repackaged by:

Medezin Sp. z o.o.
ul. Zbąszyńska 3
91-342 Łódź
CEFEA Sp. z o.o. Sp. komandytowa
ul. Działkowa 56
02-234 Warsaw
SHIRAZ PRODUCTIONS Sp. z o.o.
ul. Tymiankowa 24/28
95-054 Ksawerów
CANPOLAND SPÓŁKA AKCYJNA
ul. Beskidzka 190
91-610 Łódź
Marketing authorization number in Romania, the country of export: 2606/2010/01
Parallel import authorization number: 155/18
Date of leaflet approval: 08.02.2023
[Information about the trademark]