Sintrom

Leaflet accompanying the packaging: patient information

Warning! The leaflet should be kept. Information on the immediate packaging in a foreign language.

Sintrom, 4 mg, tablets

(Acenocoumarol)

It is necessary to carefully read the contents of the leaflet before using the medicine, as it contains important information for the patient.

• The leaflet should be kept so that it can be read again if necessary.
• In case of any doubts, you should consult a doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed specifically for one person. It should not be given to others. The medicine may harm another person, even if the symptoms of their illness are the same.
• If the patient experiences any side effects, including any side effects not listed in this leaflet, they should tell their doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. See section 4.

Table of contents of the leaflet

• 1. What is Sintrom and what is it used for
• 2. Important information before taking Sintrom
• 3. How to take Sintrom
• 4. Possible side effects
• 5. How to store Sintrom
• 6. Contents of the packaging and other information

1. What is Sintrom and what is it used for

What is Sintrom

Sintrom contains the active substance acenocoumarol.
Acenocoumarol belongs to a group of anticoagulant substances that reduce the blood's ability to clot and thus prevent the formation of blood clots in blood vessels.

What is Sintrom used for

Sintrom is indicated for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases.

How Sintrom works

Sintrom works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. It does not dissolve blood clots that have already formed, but it can prevent clots from growing and causing more serious problems.

Control tests during Sintrom treatment

During treatment with Sintrom, the doctor will prescribe regular blood tests and adjust the dose of the medicine accordingly. If you have any questions about the action of Sintrom or the reasons why it was prescribed, you should consult your doctor.

2. Important information before taking Sintrom

Sintrom should only be taken after consulting a doctor. Sintrom is not suitable for every patient.
It is necessary to strictly follow the doctor's recommendations, which may differ from the information contained in this leaflet.

When not to take Sintrom:

• If the patient is allergic (hypersensitive) to acenocoumarol and similar coumarin derivatives or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6 of the leaflet). In

such a case, you should contact your doctor before taking Sintrom. If you are unsure which medicines to avoid, you should ask your doctor or pharmacist.

• If the patient is unable to cooperate (e.g., unsupervised elderly patients, alcoholics, and patients with mental disorders).
• If the patient has congenital and acquired bleeding disorders (hemophilia).
• Shortly after eye surgery, central nervous system surgery, dental procedures, as well as after surgical procedures involving the lungs, prostate, uterus, which are associated with significant blood loss or shortly before surgery when significant blood loss is expected.
• If the patient has gastric and/or duodenal ulcer disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, genitourinary tract bleeding, brain or lung bleeding.
• If the patient has acute infection or inflammatory conditions of the heart, pericardial effusion.
• If the patient has uncontrolled hypertension.
• If the patient has severe liver or kidney disease.
• If the patient is pregnant or suspects they may be pregnant.

If any of the above situations occur, you should contact your doctor before taking Sintrom.
You should consult your doctor for advice if you have an allergy.

Warnings and precautions

Before starting Sintrom, you should discuss the following with your doctor:

• If the patient has liver function disorders.
• If the patient has kidney or thyroid function disorders, cancer, inflammatory conditions, or conditions associated with impaired absorption of diagnostic nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract. These conditions may cause abnormal levels of the active substance in the blood.
• If the patient has severe heart failure.
• If the patient has a deficiency of protein C or protein S (a type of protein that affects blood clotting).
• If the patient is scheduled for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, such as minor surgery, tooth extraction, lumbar puncture, angiography.
• If the patient is taking medicines administered by intramuscular injection. During Sintrom treatment or similar medicines, intramuscular injections should be avoided as they may cause hematoma formation.
• If the patient has an increased risk of bleeding, for example, in patients who have had variable blood test results for the international normalized ratio (INR), who have or have had gastric or duodenal ulcers, who have high blood pressure, who have cerebrovascular disease (cerebrovascular disease), anemia, recent injury or trauma, or who are taking or have recently taken any of the medicines listed below or have been taking Sintrom for a long time.
• In patients taking anticoagulant medicines called vitamin K antagonists, including Sintrom, rare cases of calciphylaxis have been reported, a condition in which calcium accumulates in the skin's blood vessels. This causes painful nodules or ulcers that can lead to severe infection, often resulting in death. This usually occurs only when the person has severe kidney disease or abnormal calcium, albumin, phosphorus, or certain protein levels in the blood. If this condition is diagnosed, the doctor will start appropriate treatment and may discontinue Sintrom treatment.

You should tell your doctor immediately if any of the above situations occur.

Children and adolescents

Data on the use of Sintrom in children and adolescents are limited, and therefore, more frequent control tests are necessary.

Elderly patients (over 65 years old)

Patient over 65 years old may be more sensitive to acenocoumarol, and therefore, more frequent control tests are necessary, and if necessary, the dose of the medicine should be reduced.

Other medicines and Sintrom

You should tell your doctor about all medicines you are currently taking or have recently taken, as well as any medicines you plan to take.
Sintrom may affect the action of other medicines, and vice versa.

It is not recommended to take Sintrom with the following medicines:

• heparin (anticoagulant medicine),
• antibiotics (e.g., clindamycin),
• salicylic acid and its derivatives, such as acetylsalicylic acid, aminosalicylic acid, diflunisal (pain reliever),
• clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, ticlopidine, phenylbutazone, and other pyrazolone derivatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including celecoxib),
• pyrazolone (sulfinpyrazone), other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (medicines that affect platelets and participate in the blood clotting process).

Caution should be exercised when taking Sintrom in combination with other medicines, particularly:

• glucosamine (for osteoarthritis) - may enhance the effect of Sintrom,
• certain types of medicines used to prevent blood clotting (e.g., warfarin, dicumarol, phenprocoumon, acenocoumarol, and fluindione). The action of these medicines may be stronger when taken with glucosamine. Patients treated with such combinations of medicines should be closely monitored when starting and stopping glucosamine treatment.

It is recommended that Sintrom not be taken with any of the above medicines. If it is necessary to take any of these medicines while taking Sintrom, the doctor will monitor blood clotting parameters more frequently.

Other medicines that may increase the effect of Sintrom, such as:

• allopurinol (medicine used to treat gout),
• androgens, anabolic steroids,
• antiarrhythmic agents (e.g., amiodarone, quinidine) (medicines that prevent irregular heart rhythm),
• antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, tetracyclines, neomycin, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, some cephalosporins, and some fluoroquinolones) (medicines used to treat infections),
• certain antidepressants (serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs: e.g., citalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline),
• cimetidine (medicine used to treat stomach ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease),
• clofibrate and its derivatives (medicine used to lower cholesterol levels),
• corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, prednisone (anti-inflammatory medicines),
• disulfiram (medicine used to treat alcoholism),
• ethacrynic acid (medicine used to increase urine production),
• glucagon (medicine used to maintain normal blood glucose levels),
• imidazole derivatives (e.g., metronidazole, and even miconazole used topically) (medicine used to treat infections),
• paracetamol (pain reliever and antipyretic),
• sulfonamides, including co-trimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) (medicines used to treat infections),
• sulfonylurea derivatives (tolbutamide, chlorpropamide) (medicines used to treat diabetes),
• thyroid hormones (including dextrothyroxine) (medicine used to treat hypothyroidism),
• medicines that reduce the activity of the liver enzyme CYP2C9 (e.g., valproic acid) - you should ask your doctor or pharmacist if any of the medicines you are taking have this effect,
• statins (e.g., fluvastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin) (medicines used to lower cholesterol levels),
• tamoxifen (medicine used to treat breast cancer),
• tramadol (pain reliever),
• proton pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole),
• plasminogen activators (e.g., urokinase, streptokinase, and alteplase), thrombin inhibitors (e.g., argatroban) (medicines used to dissolve blood clots during myocardial infarction),
• prokinetic agents (e.g., cisapride) (medicines used to treat gastrointestinal disorders),
• antacids (e.g., magnesium hydroxide),
• viloxazine (antidepressant),
• vitamin E.

Medicines that may reduce the effect of Sintrom, such as:

• certain anticancer medicines (aminoglutethimide, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine) (medicines used to treat cancer),
• certain antiviral medicines (ritonavir, nelfinavir) (medicines used in HIV therapy),
• barbiturates, carbamazepine (antiepileptic medicines),
• cholestyramine (medicine used to lower cholesterol levels),
• griseofulvin (medicine used to treat fungal infections),
• oral contraceptives,
• rifampicin (medicine used to treat infections),
• Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort) (herbal medicine used to treat depression),
• foods rich in vitamin K.

Effect of Sintrom on other medicines:

• Sintrom may increase the risk of toxicity when taken with hydantoin derivatives, such as phenytoin (medicine used to treat epilepsy).
• Sintrom may enhance the blood glucose-lowering effect of sulfonylurea derivatives (e.g., glibenclamide, glimepiride).

Sintrom with food, drinks, and alcohol

It is recommended to limit the consumption of large amounts of alcohol and foods rich in vitamin K, such as leafy green vegetables, spinach, cabbage, kale, peas, soybean oil, walnuts, broccoli, turnips, alfalfa, avocado, etc. Alcohol may alter the effect of Sintrom. In case of doubts, you should consult your doctor.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, think you may be pregnant, or plan to have a child, you should consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking this medicine.
Use during pregnancy is contraindicated.Sintrom, like other anticoagulant medicines, may cause serious harm to the fetus.
A pregnancy test should be performed in women of childbearing age before taking Sintrom to rule out pregnancy. Effective contraception should be used during Sintrom treatment.
The potential risks and benefits of the treatment should be discussed with the patient by the doctor.
If you are breastfeeding, you should consult your doctor. Both the mother and the child require special medical supervision, and the child should receive prophylactic vitamin K.

Driving and using machines

Sintrom does not affect the ability to drive and use machines. In case of an accident, you should inform your doctor or hospital staff that you are taking Sintrom.
Considering the possibility of injury, e.g., in an accident, it is recommended to carry a card with information about anticoagulant treatment.

Sintrom contains lactose

Sintrom contains lactose (milk sugar). If you have been diagnosed with intolerance to some sugars, you should contact your doctor before taking the medicine.

3. How to take Sintrom

This medicine should always be taken according to the doctor's recommendations. In case of doubts, you should consult your doctor.
The dosage of the medicine is determined by the doctor. Regular blood clotting tests allow the doctor to adjust the dose of Sintrom, which should be taken daily.
You should follow the doctor's instructions and not exceed the recommended doses.

Recommended dose

The doctor will inform you exactly how many Sintrom tablets to take. Depending on how you respond to treatment, the doctor may recommend increasing or decreasing the dose.
Individual sensitivity to the medicine may vary and may change during treatment or when changing your diet, especially when foods rich in vitamin K (spinach, cabbage) are included. You should strictly follow the doctor's recommendations, which will be based on laboratory tests and tailored to your needs.
You should not suddenly stop taking this medicine or change its dose on your own.

Dosage:

Adults

The usual initial dose is 2 mg/day to 4 mg/day.
The maintenance dose is usually between 1 mg/day and 8 mg/day.
Elderly patients, patients with liver disease, or severe heart failure (which slows down blood flow in the liver and may damage it), or malnourished patients may require a lower dose at the beginning and during maintenance treatment with Sintrom.

Use in children and adolescents

The doctor will decide on the use of Sintrom in children and adolescents.

During each visit to the doctor or dentist, you should inform them about taking this medicine.

How and when to take Sintrom

You should take the tablets regularly, every day at the same time (e.g., in the evening with a meal, with a glass of water). The tablets should be swallowed whole.
The tablet can be divided into equal doses.
The doctor should assess whether the patient is able to divide the Sintrom tablet, 4 mg, into four equal parts.

How long to take Sintrom

The doctor will inform you exactly how long to take Sintrom.

Taking more Sintrom than recommended

If you accidentally take more than the recommended amount of Sintrom tablets, you should immediately contact your doctor.
Overdose of Sintrom may lead to bleeding. If bleeding occurs, you should stop taking Sintrom and start treatment for bleeding.

Missing a dose of Sintrom

If you miss a dose, you should take the missed dose as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, you should not take the missed dose, just take the next dose at the usual time.
You should not take a double dose to make up for the missed dose. During your next visit to the doctor, you should inform them about all cases of missed doses.

Stopping Sintrom treatment

In case of any further doubts about taking this medicine, you should consult your doctor.

4. Possible side effects

Like all medicines, Sintrom can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

Some side effects may be serious:

Frequent (less than 1 case in 10 people): bleeding (symptoms may include unexplained nosebleeds or bleeding gums when brushing teeth; unexplained bruising; unusual, heavy, or unexpected menstrual bleeding; blood in urine; bloody or black, tarry stools; coughing up blood or bloody vomit; sudden, severe, or persistent headache. If you experience any of these bleeding symptoms, it may mean that you have taken more medicine than you need.
Rare (less than 1 case in 1,000 people): allergic reactions in the form of rash or itching.
Very rare (less than 1 case in 10,000 people): purple spots on the skin with blistering or scarring, usually located on the cheeks, buttocks, abdomen, chest, and sometimes on the toes; purple spots or hematoma under the skin (a sign of possible vasculitis). Yellowing of the skin and eyes (symptoms of possible liver damage).
If you experience any of the above side effects, you should immediately inform your doctor.

Other side effects:

Rare (less than 1 case in 1,000 people): hair loss, decreased appetite, vomiting, nausea.
If you experience any of the above symptoms, you should inform your doctor.
Frequency not known (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data): painful skin rash. Sintrom may cause severe skin disorders, including calciphylaxis, which may initially manifest as a painful skin rash but may lead to other serious complications. This side effect occurs more frequently in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Lower than normal red blood cell count or decreased hemoglobin levels (anemia).
If you experience any side effects not listed in this leaflet, you should tell your doctor.

Reporting side effects

If you experience any side effects, including any side effects not listed in this leaflet, you should tell your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse. Side effects can be reported directly to the Department of Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Medicinal Products of the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices, and Biocidal Products
Al. Jerozolimskie 181C
02-222 Warsaw
Phone: +48 22 49 21 301
Fax: +48 22 49 21 309
Website: https://smz.ezdrowie.gov.pl
By reporting side effects, you can help gather more information on the safety of this medicine.

5. How to store Sintrom

The medicine should be stored out of sight and reach of children.
There are no special recommendations for storage.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the packaging. The expiry date refers to the last day of the specified month.
Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. You should ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines that are no longer needed. This will help protect the environment.

6. Contents of the packaging and other information

What Sintrom contains

• The active substance of Sintrom is acenocoumarol. One tablet contains 4 mg of acenocoumarol.
• The other ingredients are: lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, cornstarch, pregelatinized cornstarch, colloidal anhydrous silica.

What Sintrom looks like and what the packaging contains

Sintrom is a white, round, flat tablet with rounded edges. On one side, it is marked with "CG" and on the other side, it has a cross-shaped dividing line, allowing it to be divided into four equal parts, each marked with the letter "A".
Sintrom is available in packaging containing 20 tablets.
For more detailed information, you should contact the marketing authorization holder or the parallel importer.

Marketing authorization holder in Bulgaria, the country of export:

Merus Labs Luxco II S.à R.L.
26-28, rue Edward Steichen
L-2540 Luxembourg
Luxembourg

Manufacturer:

FAMAR A.V.E.
Anthousa Avenue 7
Anthousa Attiki, 15349
Greece
Norgine B.V.
Antonio Vivaldistraat 150
1083 HP Amsterdam
Netherlands
Rovi Pharma Industrial Services, S.A.
Vía Complutense, 140
Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28805
Spain

Parallel importer:

Delfarma Sp. z o.o.
ul. Św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus 111
91-222 Łódź

Repackaged by:

Delfarma Sp. z o.o.
ul. Św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus 111
91-222 Łódź
Marketing authorization number in Bulgaria, the country of export: 20000293

Parallel import authorization number: 335/18

Date of leaflet approval: 23.10.2023

[Information about the trademark]