for injection
Methylprednisolone
The active substance of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, methylprednisolone, belongs to a group of medicines called glucocorticosteroids. Glucocorticosteroids penetrate cell membranes and bind to specific receptors located in the cytoplasm. These complexes then enter the cell nucleus, stimulating further synthesis of various enzymes, which are probably responsible for the numerous actions of glucocorticosteroids observed after general use. In addition to their significant effect on inflammatory and immune processes, glucocorticosteroids also affect carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. They also act on the cardiovascular system, skeletal muscles, and the central nervous system.
Methylprednisolone Sopharma is used as symptomatic treatment, except in cases of endocrine disorders, when it is used as substitution therapy, in the following diseases:
primary or secondary adrenal cortex insufficiency (in certain circumstances in combination with mineralocorticosteroids)
before surgical procedures and in cases of severe illness or injury, in patients diagnosed with adrenal cortex insufficiency or decreased adrenal hormone levels
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
subacute thyroiditis
hypercalcemia in cancer
Supportive treatment for short-term use during episodes of exacerbation or deterioration of the condition in:
post-traumatic degenerative joint disease
synovial membrane inflammation in degenerative joint disease
rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
acute and subacute bursitis
epicondylitis
acute non-specific tendon sheath inflammation
acute gouty arthritis
psoriatic arthritis
ankylosing spondylitis
During exacerbation or as maintenance treatment in:
systemic lupus erythematosus (and kidney inflammation in lupus)
acute rheumatic myocarditis
systemic polymyositis and dermatomyositis
giant cell arteritis
Goodpasture's syndrome
pemphigus
severe form of erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
exfoliative dermatitis
severe form of psoriasis
bullous pemphigoid
severe form of seborrheic dermatitis
granulomatous dermatitis
Treatment of severe allergic diseases, when other treatment methods are ineffective:
bronchial asthma
contact dermatitis (contact eczema)
atopic dermatitis
psoriasis
seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis
drug hypersensitivity reaction
transfusion-related urticaria
acute non-inflammatory laryngeal edema (epinephrine is the first-choice drug)
Severe, acute, and chronic allergic and inflammatory processes affecting the eye and its appendages, such as:
ophthalmic zoster
uveitis, uveitis and ciliary body inflammation
retinal and choroidal inflammation
diffuse choroidal and retinal vascular inflammation and uveitis
optic neuritis
sympathetic ophthalmia
inflammation of the anterior segment of the eye
allergic conjunctivitis
allergic marginal corneal ulcers
keratitis
As systemic treatment during exacerbation of:
ulcerative colitis
Crohn's disease
sarcoidosis
berylliosis
fulminant or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, simultaneously with appropriate antitubercular chemotherapy
Loeffler's syndrome not responding to other treatments
aspiration pneumonia
moderate or severe pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii in patients with AIDS (as supportive treatment, when administered within the first 72 hours of initial treatment against Pneumocystis)
acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults (only intravenous administration; intramuscular administration is contraindicated)
secondary thrombocytopenia in adults
erythroblastopenia in the bone marrow
congenital hypoplastic anemia
Palliative treatment:
leukemia and lymphoma in adults
acute leukemia in children
improving the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer
to induce diuresis or remission of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome, without uremia
brain edema associated with the presence of a primary or metastatic tumor and (or) related to surgical treatment or radiation therapy
exacerbation in multiple sclerosis
acute spinal cord injuries. Treatment should be started within eight hours of the injury.
tuberculous meningitis with subarachnoid block or in a situation threatening subarachnoid block, along with appropriate antitubercular therapy
trichinosis with involvement of the nervous system or heart muscle
organ transplantation
prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy
Administration of live or live attenuated vaccines is contraindicated during treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma at doses that cause immunosuppressive effects.
In patients with the following diseases, treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma should be as short as possible and they require special medical care during the use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma.
Before starting and during treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma, the patient should inform the doctor if they have:
infectious diseases,such as tuberculosis and certain viral diseases (herpes and zoster with eye symptoms).
The use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma in active tuberculosis should be limited to cases of fulminant or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, in which Methylprednisolone Sopharma is used in combination with antitubercular therapy. During long-term treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma in patients with latent tuberculosis or a positive tuberculin test, careful observation is necessary, as the disease may recur.
In patients with ocular herpes simplex infection, who are given Methylprednisolone Sopharma, there is a risk of corneal perforation.
diabetes
Treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma may cause symptoms of latent diabetes, increased insulin requirements, or oral hypoglycemic agents.
hypertension
Treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma may exacerbate hypertension.
psychiatric disorderscurrently or in the past
Methylprednisolone Sopharma may exacerbate existing emotional instability or psychotic tendencies. During treatment, psychiatric disorders may occur, ranging from euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, and severe depression to severe psychotic disorders.
severe stress
In patients exposed to severe stress, it may be necessary to increase the dose of rapidly acting glucocorticosteroids before, during, and after the stress-causing situation.
allergyto any medicines
If an allergic reaction occurred after taking any medicine, the doctor should be informed before starting treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma.
hypothyroidism
The effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma is stronger in patients with hypothyroidism.
liver cirrhosis
The effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma is stronger in patients with liver cirrhosis.
head injury
nonspecific ulcerative colitis,in case of possible perforation, abscess, or other purulent infection
diverticulitis
recent intestinal anastomosis
active or latent gastric ulcer
renal failure
osteoporosis
myasthenia gravis(acquired, chronic disease characterized by rapid fatigue and weakness of skeletal muscles).
Immunosuppressive effect, increased susceptibility to infections
Methylprednisolone Sopharma may increase susceptibility to infections and may mask some symptoms of infection. During its use, new infections may develop. During the use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, there may be decreased immunity and inability to limit the development of infection. The risk of infections with pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, or parasites increases with increasing dose.
Patients using Methylprednisolone Sopharma are more susceptible to infections than healthy individuals, e.g., in children with immunodeficiency or in adults using Methylprednisolone Sopharma, chickenpox and measles can have a more severe course or even be fatal.
During treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma at doses that cause immunosuppressive effects, it is contraindicated to administer certain vaccines. Inactivated vaccines may be administered, but the response to them may be limited or they may be ineffective. Patients receiving Methylprednisolone Sopharma at doses that do not have an immunosuppressive effect may undergo all required vaccinations.
In patients treated with Methylprednisolone Sopharma, Kaposi's sarcoma has been observed. Discontinuation of treatment may lead to remission of the disease.
Effect on the immune system
In patients, allergic reactions may occur. In patients taking Methylprednisolone Sopharma, skin reactions and anaphylactic or pseudo-anaphylactic reactions have rarely occurred.
Endocrine disorders
During long-term treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma, adrenal insufficiency may occur, which may persist for several months after discontinuation of treatment.
The doctor may also decide to gradually reduce the dose of Methylprednisolone Sopharma.
Patients should inform their doctor about any stressful situations that occur during this period. The doctor will consider initiating hormone therapy and (or) increasing the amount of salt and (or) mineralocorticoids consumed.
Sudden discontinuation of Methylprednisolone Sopharma may cause acute adrenal cortex insufficiency leading to death.
After sudden discontinuation of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, a "steroid withdrawal syndrome" may also occur. This syndrome includes symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, headache, fever, joint pain, peeling, muscle pain, weight loss, and (or) hypotension.
Methylprednisolone Sopharma may cause or exacerbate Cushing's syndrome, so patients with Cushing's disease should not use it.
In patients with hypothyroidism, the effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma is increased.
Psychiatric disorders
During treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma and after its discontinuation, psychiatric disorders may occur. They usually occur within a few days or weeks of starting treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma. Most of them disappear after reducing the dose or discontinuing Methylprednisolone Sopharma. Patients and their caregivers should consult a doctor if the patient develops psychological symptoms, especially if they suspect depressive mood or suicidal thoughts. Patients and their caregivers should pay special attention to psychiatric disorders that may occur during treatment, immediately after dose reduction, or after discontinuation of Methylprednisolone Sopharma.
Effect on the nervous system
Methylprednisolone Sopharma should be used with caution in patients with seizure disorders.
In patients using Methylprednisolone Sopharma, usually with long-term use of high doses, cases of supratentorial lipomatosis have been reported.
Effect on the eyes
In patients using Methylprednisolone Sopharma for a long time, posterior subcapsular cataract and nuclear cataract (especially in children) may develop, as well as exophthalmos or increased intraocular pressure, which can cause glaucoma with potential optic nerve damage. In patients using Methylprednisolone Sopharma, secondary fungal and viral eye infections may also occur more frequently.
The use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma is associated with the development of central serous retinopathy, which can lead to retinal detachment.
Effect on the heart
In cases of high-dose and long-term treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma in patients with cardiovascular risk factors, it should be administered with caution and with additional monitoring of the cardiovascular system if necessary. The frequency of complications associated with the use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma can be reduced by using low doses and administering the drug every other day.
After rapid intravenous administration of high doses of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, cardiac arrhythmias and (or) circulatory collapse and (or) cardiac arrest may occur.
In patients with congestive heart failure, Methylprednisolone Sopharma should be administered with caution and only if necessary.
Effect on the stomach and intestines
Treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma may mask symptoms of peptic ulcers, so perforation or bleeding may occur without significant pain. In combination with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the risk of developing gastric and intestinal ulcer disease increases.
Effect on the liver and bile ducts
After the use of high doses of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, acute pancreatitis may occur.
Effect on the musculoskeletal system
During the use of high doses of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, acute myopathy may occur, especially in patients with impaired neuromuscular transmission (e.g., in myasthenia gravis) or in patients treated simultaneously with anticholinergic drugs, including neuromuscular blockers (e.g., pancuronium). Myopathy may affect the eye muscles and respiratory muscles and lead to quadriparesis. Increased creatine kinase activity may occur. Improvement in clinical condition or complete recovery after discontinuation of Methylprednisolone Sopharma may occur after several weeks or even years.
Diagnostic tests
In patients using medium and high doses of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, blood pressure, sodium and water retention, and potassium excretion may increase. In this regard, it may be necessary to limit salt in the diet and supplement potassium. All glucocorticosteroids, including Methylprednisolone Sopharma, increase calcium excretion.
Methylprednisolone Sopharma should not be used as a routine treatment for head injuries.
Complications of glucocorticosteroid therapy depend on the dose and duration of treatment. The doctor will decide on the dosage and duration of treatment individually for each patient.
Patients should be careful when using acetylsalicylic acid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with Methylprednisolone Sopharma.
After the administration of Methylprednisolone Sopharma, a breakthrough in the course of a pheochromocytoma has been reported, sometimes fatal. In patients suspected of having a pheochromocytoma, the doctor will decide on the use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma only after a thorough assessment of the benefit-risk ratio.
Use in children
In children who are treated with long-term Methylprednisolone Sopharma in divided daily doses, growth retardation may occur. The use of this treatment regimen should be limited to the most severe indications, and treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma should be as short as possible. Patients should be under close medical supervision.
Infants and children taking Methylprednisolone Sopharma for a long time are particularly susceptible to increased intracranial pressure.
After the administration of high doses of Methylprednisolone Sopharma in children, pancreatitis may develop.
Corticosteroid therapy affects the results of many tests and biological parameters (e.g., skin tests, thyroid hormone levels).
Methylprednisolone Sopharma should not be administered by injection into the shoulder muscle due to the frequent occurrence of subcutaneous atrophy.
Use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma in patients with liver function disorders
The effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma is particularly strong in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Caution should be exercised when using Methylprednisolone Sopharma in patients with liver function disorders.
Use of Methylprednisolone Sopharma in patients with hypothyroidism
The effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma is particularly strong in patients with hypothyroidism.
Patient should tell their doctor about all medicines they are currently taking or have recently taken, including those obtained without a prescription.
It may be necessary to adjust the dose of Methylprednisolone Sopharma during concurrent use with the following medicines:
antibacterial drugs: isoniazid
antitubercular antibiotic: rifampicin
If the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, suspects they may be pregnant, or plans to have a child, they should consult a doctor or pharmacist before using this medicine. Methylprednisolone Sopharma should be used in pregnant women only when absolutely necessary.
Methylprednisolone Sopharma crosses the placenta. Although adrenal cortex insufficiency in newborns who were exposed to Methylprednisolone Sopharma in utero is rare, children born to mothers who took high doses of Methylprednisolone Sopharma during pregnancy should be carefully monitored and evaluated for adrenal cortex insufficiency.
In infants born to mothers who were treated with Methylprednisolone Sopharma for a long time during pregnancy, cataract development has been observed.
The effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma on the course of labor is not known.
Before using the medicine, the patient should consult a doctor. Methylprednisolone Sopharma passes into breast milk.
In children who are breastfed, Methylprednisolone Sopharma, which has passed into the mother's milk, may inhibit growth and affect the production of endogenous glucocorticosteroids. Methylprednisolone Sopharma should be administered to breastfeeding mothers only when the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the child.
In animal studies, it has been shown that methylprednisolone has a fertility-reducing effect.
The effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma on the ability to drive and use machines has not been studied.
Patients who experience dizziness, visual disturbances, and fatigue during treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma should not drive or operate machines.
Methylprednisolone Sopharma contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg) of sodium per dose, which means the medicine is considered "sodium-free".
This medicine should be used as directed by the doctor, who will adjust the dose individually for the patient. In case of doubts, the patient should consult a doctor.
During treatment with Methylprednisolone Sopharma, as well as in case of discontinuation of long-term treatment, the patient should be under close medical supervision.
Methylprednisolone Sopharma can be administered by intravenous or intramuscular injection, or by intravenous infusion. The recommended dosing is presented in the table below. The dose may be reduced in infants and children, but it should be based on the patient's condition and response to treatment, rather than age or body weight (it should not be less than 0.5 mg/kg body weight/24 hours).
Indication | Dosage |
As supportive treatment in life-threatening conditions | Recommended dose is 30 mg/kg body weight, administered intravenously over at least 30 minutes. This dose can be repeated in a hospital setting every 4 to 6 hours for 48 hours, depending on clinical need (see section 2). |
"Intermittent therapy" in case of very severe exacerbations of rheumatic diseases and (or) lack of response to standard therapy, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, gold salts, and penicillamine | Suggested regimen:
|
Systemic lupus erythematosus in case of lack of response to standard treatment (or during exacerbations) | 1 g per day administered intravenously over at least 30 minutes for 3 days. If there is no improvement within a week, or if the patient's condition requires it, the treatment can be repeated. |
Multiple sclerosis in case of lack of response to standard treatment (or during exacerbations) | 1 g per day administered intravenously over at least 30 minutes for 3 or 5 days. If there is no improvement within a week, or if the patient's condition requires it, the treatment can be repeated. |
Diseases associated with edema, such as nephrotic syndrome or lupus nephritis, in case of lack of response to standard treatment (or during exacerbations) | Either regimen can be administered intravenously over at least 30 minutes. If there is no improvement within a week, or if the patient's condition requires it, the treatment can be repeated. 30 mg/kg body weight every other day for 4 days or 1 g per day for 3, 5, or 7 days. |
Cancer in the terminal stage (to improve quality of life) | 125 mg per day intravenously for up to 8 weeks. |
Prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy | Suggested regimen:
|
Acute spinal cord injuries | Treatment should be started within 8 hours of the injury with an intravenous bolus of 30 mg of methylprednisolone per kilogram of body weight over 15 minutes under continuous medical supervision. |
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS | Treatment should be started within 72 hours of initial treatment against Pneumocystis. |
In other indications | Initial dose ranges from 10 to 500 mg, depending on the clinical condition. In case of short-term treatment of severe, acute conditions, such as bronchial asthma, serum sickness, transfusion-related urticaria, and acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis, higher doses may be required. The initial dose of up to 250 mg should be administered intravenously over at least 5 minutes, while doses exceeding 250 mg should be administered over at least 30 minutes. Subsequent doses can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly, depending on the patient's response and clinical condition. Steroid therapy is supplementary, not a replacement for conventional therapy. |
During prolonged therapy, routine laboratory tests should be performed regularly, such as urinalysis, postprandial glucose levels, blood pressure, body weight, and chest X-ray. Radiographic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract is required in patients with a history of ulcers or significant dyspepsia.
If the patient feels that the effect of Methylprednisolone Sopharma is too strong or too weak, they should consult a doctor.
In case of overdose, the patient should immediately consult a doctor or pharmacist. There are no clinical signs of acute overdose of Methylprednisolone Sopharma. Chronic overdose causes typical symptoms of Cushing's syndrome. Dialysis is an effective method of removing Methylprednisolone Sopharma from the body.
The patient should not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
In case of any further doubts about the use of this medicine, the patient should consult a doctor or pharmacist.
Like all medicines, Methylprednisolone Sopharma can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
The following side effects have been reported for the following routes of administration:
intrathecal/epidural: meningitis, gastrointestinal and urinary tract disorders, headache, meningitis, transverse paralysis/paresis, seizures, sensory disturbances. The frequency of these events is not known.
The following side effects have also been reported:
aminotransferase elevation, increased alkaline phosphatase activity in the blood, inhibition of skin test responses
Vials with powder for solution for injection:
Store at a temperature below 25°C. Store the vials in the outer packaging to protect them from light.
Vials with solvent:
Store at a temperature below 25°C. Store the vials in the outer packaging. Do not freeze.
Store in a place out of sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medicinal product after the expiry date stated on the carton after: (EXP). The expiry date refers to the last day of the month stated.
Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines no longer required. This will help protect the environment.
White or almost white lyophilized powder.
Each package contains a colorless glass vial with powder for solution for injection, with a colored dot marking the place of opening, and a colorless glass vial (with a colored dot marking the place of opening) with solvent, and an information leaflet in a cardboard box.
Methylprednisolone Sopharma, 40 mg – 10 vials with powder for solution for injection and 10 vials containing 1 ml of water for injections in PVC foil blisters;
Methylprednisolone Sopharma, 250 mg – 5 vials with powder for solution for injection and 5 vials containing 5 ml of water for injections in PVC foil blisters.
Sopharma Warszawa Sp. z o.o.
Al. Jerozolimskie 136, 02-305 Warsaw
Sopharma AD
16 Iliensko Shosse str., 1220 Sofia, Bulgaria
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Full information on the medicinal product can be found in the Summary of Product Characteristics
Method of administration:intravenously, intravenously as an infusion, and intramuscularly. The preferred method of initial administration in emergency situations is intravenous injection.
Reconstitution of the solution
Add the solvent from the second vial supplied with the kit to the vial with powder for solution for injection. If the medicinal product is to be administered as an infusion, add the prepared solution to the desired amount of infusion solution - 5% glucose solution, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, or 5% glucose solution in 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
The prepared solution should be used immediately. If the solution is not used immediately after preparation, the user is responsible for maintaining the appropriate storage time and conditions, i.e., no longer than 24 hours at a temperature of 2–8°C, unless the solution was prepared or reconstituted under controlled and validated sterile conditions.
Before use, check the color and clarity of the solution for parenteral administration!
Need help understanding this medicine or your symptoms? Online doctors can answer your questions and offer guidance.